The 801st Air Division is an inactive United States Air Force organization. It was assigned to Strategic Air Command (SAC)'s Eighth Air Force at Lockbourne Air Force Base, Ohio, where it was inactivated on 15 March 1965.

Through most of its existence the division controlled strategic reconnaissance and electronic warfare wings flying Boeing B-47 Stratojets and based at Lockbourne. In 1964, one of its wings became an air refueling wing. When its second wing was inactivated as the B-47 was withdrawn from the United States Air Force inventory, only one SAC wing remained at Lockbourne and the division was inactivated as well.

The 801st Air Division was activated at Lockbourne Air Force Base, Ohio in 1952 when Strategic Air Command (SAC) departed from the wing base organization system and created air divisions as the headquarters on bases with two operational wings. The division assumed command of the 26th and 91st Strategic Reconnaissance Wings and the 801st Air Base Group. The 26th wing was activated the same day as the division but remained unmanned until January 1953. The division drew its cadre from the 37th Air Division, which had controlled SAC reconnaissance wings at Lockbourne and Lake Charles Air Force Bases.

The division trained and maintained a force capable of conducting worldwide reconnaissance and electronic countermeasures operations. Its reconnaissance units usually operated their Boeing RB-47 Stratojets through operational detachments providing reconnaissance support for other United States Air Force (USAF) establishments. These detachments were located in various areas, including England, Japan, Morocco, Newfoundland and Greenland. It also trained subordinate units in air-to-air refueling techniques.

In May 1953 the 100th Air Refueling Squadron moved to Lockbourne from Turner Air Force Base, Georgia and was assigned to the division, although it was attached to the 91st wing. The Boeing KB-29 Superfortresses of the 91st Air Refueling Squadron were transferred to the 100th, while the 91st converted to Boeing KC-97 Stratofreighters. Once its training was completed, the 100th returned to Turner in November.

In January 1955 the 70th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing was activated at Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas. However, Little Rock was not ready to receive the wing's RB-47 aircraft, so the wing was deployed to Lockbourne and attached to the 801st until construction at Little Rock was completed. The 70th wing trained and received its initial manning during this period and did not become fully operational before moving its operations to Little Rock in October.

In 1956 the 4025th Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron, Light was activated at Lockbourne and assigned directly to the division. This squadron was to be SAC's first high altitude reconnaissance unit and was equipped with Martin RB-57D Canberras. In May 1956 the squadron moved to Turner Air Force Base, Georgia where it was assigned to the newly organized 4080th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing.

In November 1957 the 91st wing was inactivated. The following month, the 376th Bombardment Wing moved to Lockbourne from Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana. Although designated as a bombardment wing, the 376th's primary mission was electronic warfare. The 91st wing's 91st Air Refueling Squadron remained active and was transferred to the 376th wing upon its arrival at Lockbourne. It was assigned directly to the 801st during the three-week gap between the inactivation of the 91st and the transfer of the 376th.