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Abnormal uterine bleeding
Abnormal uterine bleeding is vaginal bleeding from the uterus that is abnormally frequent, lasts excessively long, is heavier than normal, or is irregular. The term "dysfunctional uterine bleeding" was used when no underlying cause was present. Quality of life may be negatively affected.
The underlying causes may be structural or non-structural and are classified in accordance with the FIGO system 1 & 2. Common causes include: Ovulation problems, fibroids, the lining of the uterus growing into the uterine wall, uterine polyps, underlying bleeding problems, side effects from birth control, or cancer. Susceptibility to each cause is often dependent on an individual's stage in life (prepubescent, premenopausal, postmenopausal). More than one category of causes may apply in an individual case. The first step in work-up is to rule out a tumor or pregnancy. Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy may be abnormal in certain circumstances. Please see Obstetrical bleeding and early pregnancy bleeding for more information. Medical imaging or hysteroscopy may help with the diagnosis.
Treatment depends on the underlying cause. Options may include hormonal birth control, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, tranexamic acid, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and surgery such as endometrial ablation or hysterectomy. Over the course of a year, roughly 20% of reproductive-aged women self-report at least one symptom of abnormal uterine bleeding.
Although uterine bleeding can be alarming and abnormal, there are many instances in which uterine bleeding is normal. FIGO System 1 is the first part of the classification system developed by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics to standardize the differences between normal uterine bleeding and abnormal uterine bleeding based on frequency, duration, regularity and individual flow volume.
The causes of abnormal uterine bleeding are divided into nine categories (PALM COEIN) under the FIGO System 2 which is the second part of the classification system developed by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. More than one category of causes may apply in an individual case.
Causes of abnormal uterine bleeding can also be narrowed down according to age group because each stage of life brings unique changes to an individual's uterine structure and systemic hormones.
Prepubescent group includes all persons with a uterus that have not yet started menstruation (monthly bleeding). Newborn uterine bleeding is a normal occurrence and should gradually stop as estrogen leaves the infant's body. Any bleeding outside of the newborn period is abnormal and should be investigated for a cause, including sexual abuse.
Premenopausal group includes all persons with a uterus that have started and are currently experiencing menstruation.
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Abnormal uterine bleeding AI simulator
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Abnormal uterine bleeding
Abnormal uterine bleeding is vaginal bleeding from the uterus that is abnormally frequent, lasts excessively long, is heavier than normal, or is irregular. The term "dysfunctional uterine bleeding" was used when no underlying cause was present. Quality of life may be negatively affected.
The underlying causes may be structural or non-structural and are classified in accordance with the FIGO system 1 & 2. Common causes include: Ovulation problems, fibroids, the lining of the uterus growing into the uterine wall, uterine polyps, underlying bleeding problems, side effects from birth control, or cancer. Susceptibility to each cause is often dependent on an individual's stage in life (prepubescent, premenopausal, postmenopausal). More than one category of causes may apply in an individual case. The first step in work-up is to rule out a tumor or pregnancy. Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy may be abnormal in certain circumstances. Please see Obstetrical bleeding and early pregnancy bleeding for more information. Medical imaging or hysteroscopy may help with the diagnosis.
Treatment depends on the underlying cause. Options may include hormonal birth control, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, tranexamic acid, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and surgery such as endometrial ablation or hysterectomy. Over the course of a year, roughly 20% of reproductive-aged women self-report at least one symptom of abnormal uterine bleeding.
Although uterine bleeding can be alarming and abnormal, there are many instances in which uterine bleeding is normal. FIGO System 1 is the first part of the classification system developed by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics to standardize the differences between normal uterine bleeding and abnormal uterine bleeding based on frequency, duration, regularity and individual flow volume.
The causes of abnormal uterine bleeding are divided into nine categories (PALM COEIN) under the FIGO System 2 which is the second part of the classification system developed by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. More than one category of causes may apply in an individual case.
Causes of abnormal uterine bleeding can also be narrowed down according to age group because each stage of life brings unique changes to an individual's uterine structure and systemic hormones.
Prepubescent group includes all persons with a uterus that have not yet started menstruation (monthly bleeding). Newborn uterine bleeding is a normal occurrence and should gradually stop as estrogen leaves the infant's body. Any bleeding outside of the newborn period is abnormal and should be investigated for a cause, including sexual abuse.
Premenopausal group includes all persons with a uterus that have started and are currently experiencing menstruation.