Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician and dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until his death in 1945. His leadership led to the devastation of World War II and the genocide of millions during the Holocaust. This timeline highlights key events in his life and the impact of his actions on the world.
Main Milestones
Birth in Braunau am Inn
20 April 1889
Adolf Hitler was born in Braunau am Inn, Austria-Hungary, to Alois Hitler and Klara Pölzl. His early life was marked by a strained relationship with his father, who disapproved of his artistic ambitions.
End of Formal Education
1903
Following his father's death, Hitler left formal education at the age of 14. His poor academic performance and clashes with authority figures were influenced by his desire to pursue an artistic career.
Move to Germany
1913
Hitler moved to Munich, Germany, to pursue his artistic aspirations but was rejected by the Academy of Fine Arts twice. This period shaped his growing nationalist sentiments.
Service in World War I
1914-1918
Hitler served in the German Army during World War I, earning the Iron Cross for bravery. His wartime experience influenced his political ideology and sense of purpose.
Joining the German Workers' Party
1919
Hitler joined the German Workers' Party (DAP), which later became the Nazi Party. He quickly rose to prominence, capitalizing on post-war economic and political instability.
Failed Beer Hall Putsch
1923
Hitler led a failed coup attempt in Munich, known as the Beer Hall Putsch. He was imprisoned, during which he dictated the first volume of 'Mein Kampf,' outlining his extremist views.
Appointment as Chancellor
1933
Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany, marking the beginning of the Nazi regime. He swiftly dismantled democratic institutions and consolidated power.
Proclamation as Führer
1934
Following the death of President Paul von Hindenburg, Hitler declared himself Führer und Reichskanzler, becoming the absolute dictator of Germany.
Invasion of Poland
1939
Hitler's invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939, triggered the start of World War II. This act of aggression led to the declaration of war by France and the United Kingdom.
Declaration of War on the United States
1941
Following Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor, Hitler declared war on the United States, further expanding the global conflict.
Death in Berlin
30 April 1945
As Allied forces closed in on Berlin, Hitler married Eva Braun and committed suicide. His death marked the end of the Nazi regime and the European Theater of World War II.
