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Alexander Scotland
Alexander Paterson Scotland, OBE (1882–1965) was a British Army officer and intelligence officer.
Scotland was noted for his work during and after World War II as commandant of London Cage, an MI19 interrogation facility that was subject to frequent allegations of torture. He wrote about this period in his 1957 book, The London Cage.
Scotland was born in England to Scottish parents from Perthshire. His father was a railway engineer. He came from a family of nine children, three girls and six boys. He left school at the age of fourteen, worked as an office boy at a tea merchant's in Mincing Lane, City of London, and then sailed to Australia before returning to England, where he worked in a London grocery business.
In his 1957 memoir The London Cage, Scotland wrote,
Perhaps because I had a variety of uncles, aunts and other relatives living abroad, my mind was focussed from an early age on the notion of a career overseas, and before I was twenty this compulsive travel urge was again asserting itself.
He travelled to South Africa with the intent of joining the British Army, as his brother was serving there and promised to get him in his unit. However, the Boer War had just ended by the time of his arrival. He then worked for an insurance company before returning to the grocery and provisions trade. He lived in the town of Ramansdrift, at the border between South Africa and German South West Africa. German forces became his chief customers, and he learned to speak German fluently.
At the invitation of a German officer, Scotland joined the German Army as Schottland (lit. 'Scotland'). In The London Cage he says he took part in "several battles" with the Khoikhoi, then engaged in an uprising against German rulers of South West Africa. He served in the German Army from 1903 to 1907.
Upon return to Cape Town, Scotland was appointed General Manager of the government trading post at Ramansdrift by Leander Starr Jameson, Prime Minister of the Cape Colony. The appointment made Scotland influential with British, German and Khoikhoi forces, and he became involved in cease-fire talks with the Khoikhoi leader Johannes Christian. Scotland was awarded the Order of the Red Eagle for his services.
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Alexander Scotland
Alexander Paterson Scotland, OBE (1882–1965) was a British Army officer and intelligence officer.
Scotland was noted for his work during and after World War II as commandant of London Cage, an MI19 interrogation facility that was subject to frequent allegations of torture. He wrote about this period in his 1957 book, The London Cage.
Scotland was born in England to Scottish parents from Perthshire. His father was a railway engineer. He came from a family of nine children, three girls and six boys. He left school at the age of fourteen, worked as an office boy at a tea merchant's in Mincing Lane, City of London, and then sailed to Australia before returning to England, where he worked in a London grocery business.
In his 1957 memoir The London Cage, Scotland wrote,
Perhaps because I had a variety of uncles, aunts and other relatives living abroad, my mind was focussed from an early age on the notion of a career overseas, and before I was twenty this compulsive travel urge was again asserting itself.
He travelled to South Africa with the intent of joining the British Army, as his brother was serving there and promised to get him in his unit. However, the Boer War had just ended by the time of his arrival. He then worked for an insurance company before returning to the grocery and provisions trade. He lived in the town of Ramansdrift, at the border between South Africa and German South West Africa. German forces became his chief customers, and he learned to speak German fluently.
At the invitation of a German officer, Scotland joined the German Army as Schottland (lit. 'Scotland'). In The London Cage he says he took part in "several battles" with the Khoikhoi, then engaged in an uprising against German rulers of South West Africa. He served in the German Army from 1903 to 1907.
Upon return to Cape Town, Scotland was appointed General Manager of the government trading post at Ramansdrift by Leander Starr Jameson, Prime Minister of the Cape Colony. The appointment made Scotland influential with British, German and Khoikhoi forces, and he became involved in cease-fire talks with the Khoikhoi leader Johannes Christian. Scotland was awarded the Order of the Red Eagle for his services.