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Andrew Wauchope
Major-General Andrew Gilbert Wauchope CB CMG (5 July 1846 – 11 December 1899) was a British Army officer who was killed while commanding a brigade at the Battle of Magersfontein during the Second Boer War.
Andrew Gilbert Wauchope was the second son of Andrew Wauchope of Niddrie Marischal House, located just southeast of Edinburgh in Midlothian, Scotland, and Frances-Mary (née Lloyd), the daughter of Henry Lloyd, Esq., of County Tipperary, Ireland. He received his early education at Stubbington House School and, in 1859, was sent to HMS Britannia to train as a naval cadet. The following year, he was posted as a midshipman to St George. Unhappy with naval life, he obtained his discharge from the Navy on 3 July 1862, shortly before his eighteenth birthday.
He resolved to enter the Army and purchased a second lieutenant's commission in the Black Watch in 1865. He was promoted to lieutenant in 1867 and served as an adjutant from 1870 to 1873. In 1873, he participated in the Second Anglo-Ashanti War, serving on special duty with a Hausa regiment. During this conflict, he was twice wounded and mentioned in despatches.
In July 1878, the United Kingdom took control of Cyprus as a result of the Cyprus Convention, and Wauchope was appointed governor of the Paphos region. He returned to England in August 1880. He was promoted to captain in 1878 and was made a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in 1880.
He served on the staff during the Transvaal War in 1881 and with his regiment in the 1882 Anglo-Egyptian War. That year, he married his first wife, Elythea Ruth Erskine; she died in childbirth in 1884, leaving him with twin sons. He fought in the Mahdist War in 1884, where he was severely wounded at the Battle of El Teb on 29 February and mentioned in despatches. He was promoted to major in March and received a brevet lieutenant-colonelcy in May. He then served on the Nile Expedition, where he was again severely wounded at the Battle of Kirbekan in February 1885.
Following the expedition, he returned to Scotland to manage his family estates at Niddrie and Yetholm, which he had recently inherited. The coal mines at Niddrie were highly productive, and as a result, he became one of the richest men in Scotland. In 1893, he married his second wife, Jean Muir, the daughter of William Muir. She became the only woman residing at Edinburgh Castle, where her husband commanded the Black Watch. They had no children, and she survived him.
A staunch Conservative, he was politically active and opposed Gladstone for the constituency of Midlothian in the 1892 election. Although he did not win, he reduced Gladstone's majority by over 80%. He opposed the coal strike of 1894 and the proposed eight-hour work limits for miners but was generally recognized by his workers as a generous employer; during the coal strike, he supported the families of the strikers. He again ran for Parliament at the 1899 Edinburgh South by-election in Edinburgh South in June 1899, losing to Arthur Dewar. At the local level, he was an elder of Liberton Kirk, a member of the local school board, the parish council, and the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland.
He was promoted to colonel in 1888, made a Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in 1889, and given command of the 2nd Battalion of the Black Watch in 1894. In 1898, he commanded a brigade during the reconquest of Sudan, seeing action at the Battle of Atbara and the Battle of Omdurman. As a result of his service, he was promoted to major-general that same year.
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Andrew Wauchope
Major-General Andrew Gilbert Wauchope CB CMG (5 July 1846 – 11 December 1899) was a British Army officer who was killed while commanding a brigade at the Battle of Magersfontein during the Second Boer War.
Andrew Gilbert Wauchope was the second son of Andrew Wauchope of Niddrie Marischal House, located just southeast of Edinburgh in Midlothian, Scotland, and Frances-Mary (née Lloyd), the daughter of Henry Lloyd, Esq., of County Tipperary, Ireland. He received his early education at Stubbington House School and, in 1859, was sent to HMS Britannia to train as a naval cadet. The following year, he was posted as a midshipman to St George. Unhappy with naval life, he obtained his discharge from the Navy on 3 July 1862, shortly before his eighteenth birthday.
He resolved to enter the Army and purchased a second lieutenant's commission in the Black Watch in 1865. He was promoted to lieutenant in 1867 and served as an adjutant from 1870 to 1873. In 1873, he participated in the Second Anglo-Ashanti War, serving on special duty with a Hausa regiment. During this conflict, he was twice wounded and mentioned in despatches.
In July 1878, the United Kingdom took control of Cyprus as a result of the Cyprus Convention, and Wauchope was appointed governor of the Paphos region. He returned to England in August 1880. He was promoted to captain in 1878 and was made a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in 1880.
He served on the staff during the Transvaal War in 1881 and with his regiment in the 1882 Anglo-Egyptian War. That year, he married his first wife, Elythea Ruth Erskine; she died in childbirth in 1884, leaving him with twin sons. He fought in the Mahdist War in 1884, where he was severely wounded at the Battle of El Teb on 29 February and mentioned in despatches. He was promoted to major in March and received a brevet lieutenant-colonelcy in May. He then served on the Nile Expedition, where he was again severely wounded at the Battle of Kirbekan in February 1885.
Following the expedition, he returned to Scotland to manage his family estates at Niddrie and Yetholm, which he had recently inherited. The coal mines at Niddrie were highly productive, and as a result, he became one of the richest men in Scotland. In 1893, he married his second wife, Jean Muir, the daughter of William Muir. She became the only woman residing at Edinburgh Castle, where her husband commanded the Black Watch. They had no children, and she survived him.
A staunch Conservative, he was politically active and opposed Gladstone for the constituency of Midlothian in the 1892 election. Although he did not win, he reduced Gladstone's majority by over 80%. He opposed the coal strike of 1894 and the proposed eight-hour work limits for miners but was generally recognized by his workers as a generous employer; during the coal strike, he supported the families of the strikers. He again ran for Parliament at the 1899 Edinburgh South by-election in Edinburgh South in June 1899, losing to Arthur Dewar. At the local level, he was an elder of Liberton Kirk, a member of the local school board, the parish council, and the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland.
He was promoted to colonel in 1888, made a Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in 1889, and given command of the 2nd Battalion of the Black Watch in 1894. In 1898, he commanded a brigade during the reconquest of Sudan, seeing action at the Battle of Atbara and the Battle of Omdurman. As a result of his service, he was promoted to major-general that same year.
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