Anserinae

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Anserinae Temporal range: Middle Miocene to present
Domestic European geese Anser anser domesticus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Anseriformes
Family:	Anatidae
Subfamily:	Anserinae Vigors, 1825
Genera
See text
Synonyms
Cygninae

The Anserinae are a subfamily in the waterfowl family Anatidae. It includes the swans and the true geese. Under alternative systematical concepts (see e.g., Terres & NAS, 1991), it is split into two subfamilies, the Anserinae contain the geese and the ducks, while the Cygninae contain the swans.

Swans (Tribe Cygnini)^[1]

• Genus Cygnus – true swans: The black-and-yellow-billed swans are sometimes separated in the genus Olor.
• Genus †Afrocygnus (Miocene of North Africa)
• Genus †Annakacygna – short-winged swans (Miocene of Japan)
• Genus †Megalodytes (Miocene of California)

True geese (Tribe Anserini)

• Genus Anser – grey and white geese
• Genus Branta – black geese (including †B. rhuax, formerly placed in Geochen)

Unresolved

• Genus Coscoroba – coscoroba swan

These two genera are distinct from other geese and often elevated to a subfamily of their own (Cereopsinae), or alternatively into the shelduck subfamily Tadorninae:

Tribe Cereopseini

• Genus Cereopsis – Cape Barren goose
• Genus †Cnemiornis – New Zealand geese (prehistoric)

Some enigmatic subfossils of very large goose-like birds from the Hawaiian Islands do not appear to be moa-nalos (goose-sized dabbling ducks) or B. rhuax. They cannot be assigned to any genus living today, though both may be fairly close to Branta:

• Very large Hawaiʻian goose, ?Branta sp.^[2]
• Giant Oʻahu goose, Anatidae sp. et gen. indet.^[2]

• Terres, John K. & National Audubon Society (1991): The Audubon Society Encyclopedia of North American Birds. Wings Books, New York. ISBN 0-517-03288-0

• Gonzalez, J.; Düttmann, H.; Wink, M. (2009). "Phylogenetic relationships based on two mitochondrial genes and hybridization patterns in Anatidae". Journal of Zoology. 279 (3): 310–318. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00622.x.