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Ansteel Group
Anshan Iron and Steel Group Corporation (Ansteel Group in short; less popularly Angang Group) is a Chinese state-owned steel maker. The corporation is under the supervision of State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council. It is headquartered in Anshan, Liaoning. According to the World Steel Association in 2015, the corporation was the 7th largest manufacturer of steel in the world by production volume.
The enterprise was established under Japanese colonial control in Manchuria as Anshan Iron & Steel Works, then Shōwa Steel Works. After Japan's defeat in the Second Sino-Japanese War, China's Nationalist government restructured it as a state-owned enterprise. Once the Communists gained control of Anshan in the Chinese Civil War, the enterprise was re-organized as Anshan Iron and Steel Company (Angang).
Angang was critical to the development of heavy industry during the early years of the People's Republic of China. During the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution, Angang was politically important in debates about worker democracy (especially through the Angang Constitution) and local control (as opposed to central control) over state-owned enterprises.
The group was formerly Anshan Iron & Steel Works and Shōwa Steel Works, which was established in 1916 under Japanese rule in Northeast China. Anshan Iron and Steel Company (Angang) was established from the two places in 1948. It was among the formerly Japanese enterprises that was restructured as a Chinese state-owned enterprise when the Nationalist government assumed control of the region from 1946 to 1948.
During the resumed Chinese Civil War, the Nationalists destroyed Angang's blast furnaces and other key facilities when they withdrew from Anshan in February 1948.
In 1951, the People's Republic of China and its Soviet advisors began the "Three Major Projects" of Angang, which included a Seamless-Pipe Factory, the Large Steel-Rolling Factory, and Blast Furnace No. 7. In May 1951, the PRC and the Soviet Union agreed for Soviet design of the Angang factories. The steel refinery was modified under the aid of Soviet Union as one of 156 important construction projects in the first five-year plan.
As part of the early to mid-1950s trend towards centralizing control over SOEs, in January 1953, Angang became a central SOE under the Ministry of Heavy Industry. In June 1956, it was placed within the responsibility of the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry.
In 1958, prompted by the political movement of the Great Leap Forward, workers at Angang laid out rules to challenge the existing operations of their workplace. These ideas were reflected in the March 11, 1960, "Report of the Anshan City Committee Regarding the Beginning of the Movement for Technological Reform and Technological Revolution." On March 22, 1960, the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party approved the document and distributed it to various governmental bodies. Mao Zedong designated the document as the Angang Constitution and stated that its principles should guide the operation of state enterprises.
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Ansteel Group
Anshan Iron and Steel Group Corporation (Ansteel Group in short; less popularly Angang Group) is a Chinese state-owned steel maker. The corporation is under the supervision of State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council. It is headquartered in Anshan, Liaoning. According to the World Steel Association in 2015, the corporation was the 7th largest manufacturer of steel in the world by production volume.
The enterprise was established under Japanese colonial control in Manchuria as Anshan Iron & Steel Works, then Shōwa Steel Works. After Japan's defeat in the Second Sino-Japanese War, China's Nationalist government restructured it as a state-owned enterprise. Once the Communists gained control of Anshan in the Chinese Civil War, the enterprise was re-organized as Anshan Iron and Steel Company (Angang).
Angang was critical to the development of heavy industry during the early years of the People's Republic of China. During the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution, Angang was politically important in debates about worker democracy (especially through the Angang Constitution) and local control (as opposed to central control) over state-owned enterprises.
The group was formerly Anshan Iron & Steel Works and Shōwa Steel Works, which was established in 1916 under Japanese rule in Northeast China. Anshan Iron and Steel Company (Angang) was established from the two places in 1948. It was among the formerly Japanese enterprises that was restructured as a Chinese state-owned enterprise when the Nationalist government assumed control of the region from 1946 to 1948.
During the resumed Chinese Civil War, the Nationalists destroyed Angang's blast furnaces and other key facilities when they withdrew from Anshan in February 1948.
In 1951, the People's Republic of China and its Soviet advisors began the "Three Major Projects" of Angang, which included a Seamless-Pipe Factory, the Large Steel-Rolling Factory, and Blast Furnace No. 7. In May 1951, the PRC and the Soviet Union agreed for Soviet design of the Angang factories. The steel refinery was modified under the aid of Soviet Union as one of 156 important construction projects in the first five-year plan.
As part of the early to mid-1950s trend towards centralizing control over SOEs, in January 1953, Angang became a central SOE under the Ministry of Heavy Industry. In June 1956, it was placed within the responsibility of the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry.
In 1958, prompted by the political movement of the Great Leap Forward, workers at Angang laid out rules to challenge the existing operations of their workplace. These ideas were reflected in the March 11, 1960, "Report of the Anshan City Committee Regarding the Beginning of the Movement for Technological Reform and Technological Revolution." On March 22, 1960, the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party approved the document and distributed it to various governmental bodies. Mao Zedong designated the document as the Angang Constitution and stated that its principles should guide the operation of state enterprises.