Banco di Napoli

Banco di Napoli S.p.A., among the oldest banks in the world, was an Italian banking subsidiary of Intesa Sanpaolo group, as one of the 6 retail brands other than "Intesa Sanpaolo". It was acquired by the Italian banking group Sanpaolo IMI (the predecessor of Intesa Sanpaolo) in 2002 and ceased being an independent bank. In February 2018, Intesa Sanpaolo announced their new business plan, which would retire Banco di Napoli and other brands; the legal person of Banco di Napoli would be absorbed into Intesa Sanpaolo S.p.A.

The Banco of Naples is one of the most important and oldest historic banks, as its origins date back to the so-called public benches of charitable institutions, which arose in Naples between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, especially at a mount of piety founded in 1539 on a pledge to lend without interest, which in 1584 opened a case of deposits, recognised by a proclamation of the viceroy of Naples in the same year. According to some scholars its origin may be dated back to 1463, when Casa Santa dell'Annunziata was founded in Naples. It was started by Saint Cajetan, an Italian Catholic Saint, mainly to help protect the poor and needy from usurers, who would demand high interest in return. This would make the Bank of Naples the oldest bank in continuous operation till 2018, world-wide.

Seven other similar institutions were later founded in Naples between 1587 and 1640:

After nearly two centuries of activities independently of each other, a decree of Ferdinand IV of Bourbon, in 1794, leading to the unification of the eight existing institutes into a single structure that is called Banco Nazionale di Napoli.

Following the political changes that took place in the nineteenth century in Naples and Southern Italy, also the Bank of Naples changes name and structure. Passing from the realm of the Bourbons to the matrix Napoleon, the king of Naples, Joachim Murat attempts to transform the Bank into a limited company similar to the Bank of France and create the Bank of the Two Sicilies (Italian: Banco delle Due Sicilie), bound to have the same functions through the Cassa di Corte and Cassa dei Privati. With the revolutionary upheavals of 1849 loses agencies Sicilian who founded the Banco di Sicilia. New changes take place in 1861 with the unification of Italy, the changes that mark the birth of the name Banco di Napoli, the bank will be responsible for the issuance of the currency of the Kingdom of Italy for 65 years.

In 1991, due to Legge Amato [it], a società per azioni was incorporated as a subsidiary of the original bank to run banking activities, while the original entity, as a statutory corporation became a holding entity instead, later known as Fondazione Banco di Napoli [it].

However, the S.p.A. was nationalized due to insolvency.

In 1997 the bank was re-privatized, with the formation of a bad bank Società per la Gestione di Attività (SGA), as well as wind-down the subsidiary ISVEIMER; 60% stake of the bank was acquired by Istituto Nazionale delle Assicurazioni (INA) and Banca Nazionale del Lavoro (BNL) via an intermediate holding company (INASSIT, later Banco di Napoli Holding).