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Beryllium nitrate
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| Systematic IUPAC name
Beryllium nitrate | |
| Other names
Beryllium dinitrate
| |
| Identifiers | |
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3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.033.678 |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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| UNII |
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| UN number | 2464 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| Be(NO3)2 | |
| Molar mass | 133.021982 g/mol |
| Appearance | white solid |
| Odor | odorless |
| Density | 1.56 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 60.5 °C (140.9 °F; 333.6 K) |
| Boiling point | 142 °C (288 °F; 415 K) (decomposes) |
| 166 g/100 mL | |
| Thermochemistry | |
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−700.4 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible)
|
TWA 0.002 mg/m3 C 0.005 mg/m3 (30 minutes), with a maximum peak of 0.025 mg/m3 (as Be)[1] |
REL (Recommended)
|
Ca C 0.0005 mg/m3 (as Be)[1] |
IDLH (Immediate danger)
|
Ca [4 mg/m3 (as Be)][1] |
| Related compounds | |
Other cations
|
Magnesium nitrate Calcium nitrate Strontium nitrate Barium nitrate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
| |
Beryllium nitrate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Be(NO3)2. It forms a tetrahydrate with the formula [Be(H2O)4](NO3)2.The anhydrous compound, as for many beryllium compounds, is highly covalent. Little of its chemistry is known. Both the anhydrous form and the tetrahydrate are colourless solids that are soluble in water. The anhydrous form produces brown fumes in water, and produces nitrate and nitrite ions when hydrolyzed in sodium hydroxide solution.[2]
Synthesis and reactions
[edit]The straw-colored adduct Be(NO3)2(N2O4) forms upon treatment of beryllium chloride with dinitrogen tetroxide in ethyl acetate:
- BeCl2 + 3 N2O4 → Be(NO3)2(N2O4) + 2 NOCl
Upon heating, this adduct loses N2O4 and produces colorless Be(NO3)2. Further heating of Be(NO3)2 induces conversion to basic beryllium nitrate (Be4O(NO3)6).[3]
Unlike the basic acetate, with its six lipophilic methyl groups, the basic nitrate is insoluble in most solvents.
The tetrahydrate is produced from the reaction of beryllium oxide or beryllium hydroxide with dilute nitric acid, followed by evaporation of the solution. The heating of the tetrahydrate does not yield the anhydrous form; instead it decomposes at 100 °C to beryllium hydroxide.[4]
Structure
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Basic beryllium nitrate adopts a structure akin to that of basic beryllium acetate.
The tetrahydrate consists of isolated [Be(H2O)4]2+ tetrahederons and nitrate anions. The structure of the anhydrous form has not been elucidated yet.[6][7]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0054". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ Addison, C.C.; Logan, N. (1964). Anhydrous Metal Nitrates. Advances in Inorganic Chemistry and Radiochemistry. Vol. 6. pp. 71–142. doi:10.1016/S0065-2792(08)60225-3. ISBN 9780120236060.
{{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) - ^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 122. doi:10.1016/C2009-0-30414-6. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
- ^ Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. Wiley. 26 January 2001. doi:10.1002/0471238961.0205182519201514.a02.pub3. ISBN 978-0-471-48494-3. Retrieved 21 May 2025.
- ^ Haley, M. J.; Wallwork, S. C.; Duffin, B.; Logan, N.; Addison, C. C. (1997). "Hexa-μ-nitrato-μ4-oxo-tetraberyllium". Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications. 53 (7): 829–830. doi:10.1107/S010827019700303X.
- ^ Divjakovič, V.; Edenharter, A.; Nowacki, W.; Ribár, B. (1 December 1976). "Die Kristallstruktur von Tetraaquo-Berylliumnitrat, Be(OH 2 ) 4 (NO 3 ) 2". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials. 144 (1–6): 314–322. doi:10.1524/zkri.1976.144.16.314. ISSN 2196-7105. Retrieved 21 May 2025.
- ^ Scheibe, Benjamin; Buchner, Magnus R. (7 June 2018). "Carboxylic Acid Ester Adducts of Beryllium Chloride and Their Role in the Synthesis of Beryllium Nitrates". European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. 2018 (20–21): 2300–2308. doi:10.1002/ejic.201800177. ISSN 1434-1948. Retrieved 21 May 2025.
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