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British Rail Class 17
The British Rail Class 17 (also known as the Clayton Type 1) was a class of 117 Bo-Bo diesel-electric locomotives built 1962–1965 by Clayton Equipment Company and their sub-contractor Beyer, Peacock & Co., on behalf of British Railways (BR).
During the 1950s and 1960s BR procured a wide range of Type 1 diesel locomotives, many of them under the Pilot Scheme. However, several officials felt that the single-cabbed arrangement used by the majority of Type 1s presented drivers with visibility difficulties in the 'less convenient' direction. BR therefore approached several manufacturers to seek a new locomotive that had a centre cab and low bonnets to maximise visibility. Clayton were selected to produce their proposed locomotive as the Class 17. Its low engine covers required the use of a pair of Paxman 6ZHXL six-cylinder horizontal engines, which had been intended for powering railcars; it was a somewhat unorthodox arrangement for the era.
Production of the Class 17 was undertaken between 1962 and 1965, with the locomotives being assigned to the north of Britain and the Scottish Region. Early on it was determined that the locomotive was not suited to heavy freight trains, and they quickly acquired a reputation for unreliability largely due to the engines, which continued to deliver poor performance even after extensive modifications. The Class 17 proved to be one of the least successful of the Type 1s, such that by 1967, long lines of unserviceable locomotives could be found stored in less accessible sidings at various locations across the Central Belt of Scotland (e.g. Ardrossan and Millerhill). Withdrawals took place from July 1968 to December 1971, meaning some members of the class had a working life of less than 5 years. One was sold to an industrial user, which has now been preserved.
The Type 1 was the lowest power classification for BR mainline diesels. Under BR's 'Pilot Scheme', three different designs of Type 1 locomotive had been produced. Two of these (Classes 15 and 16 under the TOPS classification system) had a layout based on the 10800 prototype, with a single off-centre cab and full-height engine covers, from which forward visibility for the crew was poor in both directions of travel, while the third (Class 20) had its cab at one end, giving good visibility in that direction only.
Having gained experience with these types, although Class 20 was widely considered to be a technical success, BR decided that it would be desirable to have a single-cab Type 1 locomotive that provided good visibility in both directions. The organisation thus approached various locomotive manufacturers with its request for proposals to meet this requirement. Among the companies that chose to respond was the British manufacturing interest Clayton Equipment Company, which had already acquired considerable experience in the design and production of various mechanical elements of existing Type 1 locomotives, and was keen to pursue its own design. Following a review of submissions BR opted to select Clayton's submission, ordering 117 locomotives off the drawing board, and announced to the railway press that these locos were to be the new Type 1 standard.
Production of locomotives D8500–D8587 was performed in-house by Clayton between September 1962 and February 1965, with subcontractor Beyer, Peacock and Company of Manchester delivering D8588–D8616 between March 1964 and April 1965.
The Class 17 locomotive incorporated several features that were relatively novel amongst its contemporaries; to achieve the desired visibility from a single cab, it was decided to place it in a central position and use relatively low engine bays. This arrangement contributed heavily to a key design decision: despite the widespread availability of engines capable of generating sufficient power on their own, the propulsion arrangement opted for was a pair of relatively small six-cylinder horizontal engines, each being placed on either side of the cab. According to the manufacturer, the increased maintenance costs of two engines over a single unit was a worthwhile trade-off for the improved visibility made possible by such an arrangement.
The majority of the Class 17s were powered by a pair of Paxman 6ZHXL engines of 450 hp (340 kW) each – a power unit originally intended for diesel railcars, but not adopted. The last two of the Clayton-built batch, D8586/87, had a pair of Rolls-Royce Type D 450 hp (340 kW) engines. These suffered several crankcase failures, leading to two of the four being replaced by Paxman units. The propulsion arrangement also featured an electric transmission, rather than a hydraulic counterpart; this was a somewhat unusual design choice for the era as the vast majority of contemporary twin-engined locomotives had opted for hydraulic transmissions.
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British Rail Class 17
The British Rail Class 17 (also known as the Clayton Type 1) was a class of 117 Bo-Bo diesel-electric locomotives built 1962–1965 by Clayton Equipment Company and their sub-contractor Beyer, Peacock & Co., on behalf of British Railways (BR).
During the 1950s and 1960s BR procured a wide range of Type 1 diesel locomotives, many of them under the Pilot Scheme. However, several officials felt that the single-cabbed arrangement used by the majority of Type 1s presented drivers with visibility difficulties in the 'less convenient' direction. BR therefore approached several manufacturers to seek a new locomotive that had a centre cab and low bonnets to maximise visibility. Clayton were selected to produce their proposed locomotive as the Class 17. Its low engine covers required the use of a pair of Paxman 6ZHXL six-cylinder horizontal engines, which had been intended for powering railcars; it was a somewhat unorthodox arrangement for the era.
Production of the Class 17 was undertaken between 1962 and 1965, with the locomotives being assigned to the north of Britain and the Scottish Region. Early on it was determined that the locomotive was not suited to heavy freight trains, and they quickly acquired a reputation for unreliability largely due to the engines, which continued to deliver poor performance even after extensive modifications. The Class 17 proved to be one of the least successful of the Type 1s, such that by 1967, long lines of unserviceable locomotives could be found stored in less accessible sidings at various locations across the Central Belt of Scotland (e.g. Ardrossan and Millerhill). Withdrawals took place from July 1968 to December 1971, meaning some members of the class had a working life of less than 5 years. One was sold to an industrial user, which has now been preserved.
The Type 1 was the lowest power classification for BR mainline diesels. Under BR's 'Pilot Scheme', three different designs of Type 1 locomotive had been produced. Two of these (Classes 15 and 16 under the TOPS classification system) had a layout based on the 10800 prototype, with a single off-centre cab and full-height engine covers, from which forward visibility for the crew was poor in both directions of travel, while the third (Class 20) had its cab at one end, giving good visibility in that direction only.
Having gained experience with these types, although Class 20 was widely considered to be a technical success, BR decided that it would be desirable to have a single-cab Type 1 locomotive that provided good visibility in both directions. The organisation thus approached various locomotive manufacturers with its request for proposals to meet this requirement. Among the companies that chose to respond was the British manufacturing interest Clayton Equipment Company, which had already acquired considerable experience in the design and production of various mechanical elements of existing Type 1 locomotives, and was keen to pursue its own design. Following a review of submissions BR opted to select Clayton's submission, ordering 117 locomotives off the drawing board, and announced to the railway press that these locos were to be the new Type 1 standard.
Production of locomotives D8500–D8587 was performed in-house by Clayton between September 1962 and February 1965, with subcontractor Beyer, Peacock and Company of Manchester delivering D8588–D8616 between March 1964 and April 1965.
The Class 17 locomotive incorporated several features that were relatively novel amongst its contemporaries; to achieve the desired visibility from a single cab, it was decided to place it in a central position and use relatively low engine bays. This arrangement contributed heavily to a key design decision: despite the widespread availability of engines capable of generating sufficient power on their own, the propulsion arrangement opted for was a pair of relatively small six-cylinder horizontal engines, each being placed on either side of the cab. According to the manufacturer, the increased maintenance costs of two engines over a single unit was a worthwhile trade-off for the improved visibility made possible by such an arrangement.
The majority of the Class 17s were powered by a pair of Paxman 6ZHXL engines of 450 hp (340 kW) each – a power unit originally intended for diesel railcars, but not adopted. The last two of the Clayton-built batch, D8586/87, had a pair of Rolls-Royce Type D 450 hp (340 kW) engines. These suffered several crankcase failures, leading to two of the four being replaced by Paxman units. The propulsion arrangement also featured an electric transmission, rather than a hydraulic counterpart; this was a somewhat unusual design choice for the era as the vast majority of contemporary twin-engined locomotives had opted for hydraulic transmissions.