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Burnum
Burnum (/ˈbɜːrnəm/; or Burnum Municipium) was a Roman Legionary fortress, later converted to a town. It is located 2.5 km north of Kistanje, in inland Dalmatia, Croatia. The remains include a principia (principal building, or headquarters), the amphitheatre, and the aqueduct.
Burnum is also popularly called Hollow Church (Šuplja Crkva) and is one of many ruins in the Balkans identified in folklore as Traianus' Town (Trojanov Grad).
The Roman writer Plinius wrote about Burnum as "fortress distinguished in wars." - "In hoc tractu sunt Burnum, Andetrium, Tribulium nobilitata proeliis castella." The Pagana chart from the 16th century presented marked traits of Burnum as the ancient locality, but it did not reach archeological interest until the 19th century, when it occupied the attention of renowned Croatian archaeologists, father Lujo Marun and father Frane Bulić. The first excavations were conducted by Austrian archaeologists.
Burnum dates from the middle of the reign of Augustus (27 BC-14 AD). Several Roman legions were located there in succession, and the first one was Legio XX Valeria Victrix from the beginning of the Great Illyrian Revolt in AD 6-9. The reason for its location was the need for the control of traffic around the Krka River. Building was initiated by the Roman governor for Dalmatia Publius Cornelius Dolabella and continued by the Emperor Claudius.
After Legio XX moved to Germania Inferior in 9 AD, Legio XI took its place. The fortress gained its final shape during the reign of Claudius around 50 AD. The legion left the camp around 68 AD and was succeeded by the new Legio IIII Flavia Felix in 70 AD.
According to some sources, a rebellion of Lucius Arruntius Camillus Scribonianus against the emperor Claudius in AD 42 was started at this camp as well. After the rebellion all of Burnum, including the legionary camp, experienced major urban and architectural changes.
After the last Roman legions had left the camp, it developed into an urban settlement.
The camp was completely destroyed when the emperor Justinian attempted to take it back from the Ostrogoths in the 6th century.
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Burnum
Burnum (/ˈbɜːrnəm/; or Burnum Municipium) was a Roman Legionary fortress, later converted to a town. It is located 2.5 km north of Kistanje, in inland Dalmatia, Croatia. The remains include a principia (principal building, or headquarters), the amphitheatre, and the aqueduct.
Burnum is also popularly called Hollow Church (Šuplja Crkva) and is one of many ruins in the Balkans identified in folklore as Traianus' Town (Trojanov Grad).
The Roman writer Plinius wrote about Burnum as "fortress distinguished in wars." - "In hoc tractu sunt Burnum, Andetrium, Tribulium nobilitata proeliis castella." The Pagana chart from the 16th century presented marked traits of Burnum as the ancient locality, but it did not reach archeological interest until the 19th century, when it occupied the attention of renowned Croatian archaeologists, father Lujo Marun and father Frane Bulić. The first excavations were conducted by Austrian archaeologists.
Burnum dates from the middle of the reign of Augustus (27 BC-14 AD). Several Roman legions were located there in succession, and the first one was Legio XX Valeria Victrix from the beginning of the Great Illyrian Revolt in AD 6-9. The reason for its location was the need for the control of traffic around the Krka River. Building was initiated by the Roman governor for Dalmatia Publius Cornelius Dolabella and continued by the Emperor Claudius.
After Legio XX moved to Germania Inferior in 9 AD, Legio XI took its place. The fortress gained its final shape during the reign of Claudius around 50 AD. The legion left the camp around 68 AD and was succeeded by the new Legio IIII Flavia Felix in 70 AD.
According to some sources, a rebellion of Lucius Arruntius Camillus Scribonianus against the emperor Claudius in AD 42 was started at this camp as well. After the rebellion all of Burnum, including the legionary camp, experienced major urban and architectural changes.
After the last Roman legions had left the camp, it developed into an urban settlement.
The camp was completely destroyed when the emperor Justinian attempted to take it back from the Ostrogoths in the 6th century.