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Buxton College

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Buxton College

Founded in 1675, Buxton College was a boys' public school and, from 1923, a grammar school in Buxton, Derbyshire whose site has been expanded since 1990 to be used as the fully co-educational comprehensive Buxton Community School.

The school was founded in 1675 by an amalgamation of various legacies of an earlier date together with subscriptions taken then.

Its motto was Sic Luceat Lux Vestra – "Let your light shine forth". The original school building was probably in Buxton next to the parish church of St Anne's on Bath Road.

The school was placed in Chancery between 1791 and 1816 and reopened in the now disused St Anne's Church. In 1840 it was moved to premises in the Market Place, and in 1867 a School House was built at the corner of Market Street and South Street, either in place of or in addition to, the Market Place building. In 1873 it was determined by the charity Commissioners that the school should be classified as a grammar school. After its foundation, the school appears to have been under the control of a number of different trusts, the latest one known was a scheme approved by the Queen in Council at Balmoral on 23 October 1876, giving the trustees authority to acquire land for new school buildings "for not less than 80 scholars". After a re-organisation, it then moved as the Buxton Endowed School to new purpose-built premises on land off Green Lane, re-opening there on 27 September 1881. (near the entrance to Poole's Cavern).

The new building of 1880–81 was designed by William Pollard of Manchester in the Gothic style. There was a small boarding house. By 1890, under a new headmaster, Dr R. Archibald Little (1888–1910), the number of boarders had increased to 33. Many alterations and additions were made to the buildings during 1891–92. Additions included a chemistry laboratory, which remained in use through to the 1970s, a workshop, and a gymnasium. The original laundry was converted into a dining room and both it and the dormitories on the two floors above it were extended to double their length. In 1898, the school added a sanatorium at the rear of the headmaster's house. An Assembly Hall was built during 1899–1900, and at the same time the old Schoolroom was divided into three much-needed classrooms and a corridor giving access to them and the hall was constructed. By 1900, there were nearly one hundred boys in the school, of whom sixty were boarders. By 1910, there were still over seventy boys, but the number of boarders had fallen to 26, and the position of the school was precarious.

At the end of the Summer Term of 1923, after two and a half centuries as a fully independent school, the college became a maintained grammar school. As a County Grammar school, alterations and improvements to the buildings were carried out throughout the year, under the direction of the Derbyshire County Council Architect's department, including a new heating system for the main building, improved windows for the classrooms, and renovation of the top dormitory baths and washbowls. Additional laboratory equipment was acquired for Physics and the laundry was equipped as a handicraft room – later to become the boarders' locker and changing room.

In September 1927 the school launched a new sixth form, with only two boys in it, and in the summer of 1928 building work began on three sides of a new quadrangle designed by Derbyshire County Council's Architect George H. Widdows, to enable some of the expansion requested by the Headmaster, A. D. C. Mason (1923–1944). The fourth side was never completed as designed, although thirty years later a new physics laboratory was built at one end of it. During the 1930s, "Mr Mason accepted about 30 ... refugee German boys of Jewish extraction ... as boarders. Many of the German boys had high ability ... including Heinz Thannhauser undoubtedly one of the most brilliant boys ever to attend the School. For this act of humanity and generosity (in some cases he [Mason] charged no fees and bore the whole cost himself) he met with a fair amount of local criticism."

After the Second World War, the Dramatic Societies of the College and the nearby Cavendish Grammar School for Girls staged annual performances of plays at the Buxton Playhouse, either modern works, such as Bertold Brecht's Life of Galileo (1967) and Dylan Thomas's The Doctor and the Devils (1969), or Shakespeare plays, such as Hamlet (1966), Coriolanus (1968) and Macbeth (1970).

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