Calamocha is a town and municipality of Teruel province in the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain. In 2015 the municipality had a population of 4,417 inhabitants.

Calamocha is the administrative centre of the Aragonese comarca of Jiloca. On January 12, 2021, a minimum temperature of −21.3 °C (−6.3 °F) was registered in a close village called Fuentes Claras.

As well as the town of Calamocha itself, the following villages and hamlets form part of the municipality:

Calamocha has a transitional climate between the oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfb), the humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and the cold semi-arid climate (BSk). Rainfall throughout the year is generally scarce, with a peak in precipitation in the spring months, while winter is the driest season. Winters are cold, with minimum temperatures often below −5 °C (23 °F). Summers are warm, but days can be hot, often above 30 °C (86 °F), although the nights remain relatively cool.