This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages) This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. (December 2024) An editor has determined that sufficient sources exist to establish the subject's notability. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Carijona language" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message) You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Spanish. (May 2025) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Spanish article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 1,084 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Spanish Wikipedia article at [[:es:Idioma carijona]]; see its history for attribution. You may also add the template {{Translated|es|Idioma carijona}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation. (Learn how and when to remove this message)

Carijona
Hianacoto
Tsahá
Native to	Colombia
Ethnicity	290 Carijona (2007)[1]
Native speakers	15 (2015)[2]
Language family	Cariban Guianan Carib Taranoan Carijona
Dialects	Hianacoto Karihona Umaua Guaque
Language codes
ISO 639-3	cbd
Glottolog	cari1279
ELP	Carijona
Carijona is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.

Carijona (Karihona) is a moribund Cariban language, or probably a pair of languages, of Colombia. It is spoken by only 15 people as of 2015.^[2] Derbyshire (1999) lists the varieties Hianacoto-Umaua and Carijona proper as separate languages.^[3]

• Franco, Roberto (2002). Los carijonas de Chiribiquete (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Bogotá: Fundación Puerto Rastrojo. ISBN 978-958-33-4458-9.
• Guerrero-Beltran, David Felipe (2019). The Grammar of Space in Karijona, a Cariban language from Northwest Amazonia (MA thesis). Bogotá, Colombia: Universidad Nacional de Colombia.
• Guerrero-Beltran, David Felipe (2016). Estructura de la oración simple en Karijona: lengua indígena de la Amazonía colombiana (BA thesis) (in Spanish). Bogotá, Colombia: Universidad Nacional de Colombia. doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.10726.14401.
• Guerrero-Beltran, David Felipe; Wojtylak, Katarzyna I. (2022). "Through space, relations, and thoughts: The system of postpositions in Karijona (Cariban, Amazonia)". Studies in Language. 46 (3): 559–593. doi:10.1075/sl.20050.gue.
• Robayo, Camilo (2000). "Avance sobre morfología carijona". In González de Pérez, María Stella; Montes Rodríguez, María Emilia (eds.). Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva. Santafé de Bogotá: ICC. pp. 171–180. ISBN 9789586110839.
• Robayo, Camilo (1997). "Babel de nuevo erigida: el caso de la lengua Carijona". In Pachón, X.; Correa, F. (eds.). Lenguas amerindias: condiciones sociolingüísticas en Colombia. Santafé de Bogotá: Instituto Colombiano Antropología. pp. 541–585. OCLC 42771230.
• Schindler, Helmut (2018). Die Karihona: eine Caribgruppe Nordwest-Amazoniens. Ethnologie. München: Herbert Utz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-8316-4715-6. OCLC 1107870042.

This article related to the Indigenous languages of the Americas is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

• v
• t
• e