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Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia of 2006
The Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia of 2006 (Catalan: Estatut d'Autonomia de Catalunya) provides Catalonia's basic institutional regulations under the Spanish Constitution of 1978. It defines the rights and obligations of the citizens of Catalonia, the political institutions of the Catalan community, their powers and relations with the rest of Spain and the European Union, and the financing of the Government of Catalonia.
This Law was passed by Spanish Parliament on 19 July 2006 and approved by referendum of the citizens of Catalonia on 18 June 2006 and replaced the 1979 Statute of Sau. The new statute sought to achieve clarification of powers and their protection from encroachment by the State, increased executive, legislative and fiscal powers and the recognition of Catalan nationhood. Although turnout at the referendum was low at 49.4%, approval was given by 73.9% and came into effect 9 August 2006.
The conservative opposition party in Spanish Parliament, the People's Party (PP), appealed immediately to the Constitutional Court of Spain on grounds of unconstitutionality of more than half of the Law. Four years after the Statute had been promulgated, on 28 June 2010, the Court made its judgement, annulling 14 articles and dictating the interpretation for 27 more. That led to a massive demonstration in Barcelona of more than a million people and, ultimately a consultation on self-determination in 2014 and the constitutional crisis of 2017-2018.
In 1919, a first Statute was drafted by the Commonwealth of Catalonia although it was rejected by Spanish Cortes Generales. In 1928, a draft Constitution was written in Havana by exiled Catalan nationalists.
Catalonia first obtained a Statute of Autonomy in 1932, during the Second Spanish Republic. This law was abolished by General Francisco Franco after the Spanish Civil War, largely because Catalonia had been a region generally opposed to Franco's Nacionales forces. During periods of his rule, public usage of the Catalan language and culture, and more specifically, Catalan self-government were harshly suppressed.[citation needed]
In 1979, during the Spanish transition to democracy, the second Statute was approved by referendum.
On 18 June 2006, a referendum approved a new statute that had been passed into law by the Spanish Parliament and it thus became effective on 9 August 2006.
In 2003, an uneasy left-wing coalition formed government in Catalonia and set a goal to amend the Statute of Autonomy. As the Constitution had not set clearly defined methods for power sharing, particularly over shared jurisdiction or powers, there had been major conflict as the real power in Catalonia (as in other communities) depended upon how far the State wanted to legislate. Since 1982, the PSOE and later the PP pursued policies to temper enthusiasm for devolution and instead sought to harmonise the powers devolved to all autonomous communities. This was interpreted by the 'historic nationalities' of Catalonia and the Basque Country as the re-imposition of centralist control from Madrid particularly after a landmark ruling of the Constitutional Court upheld the prerogative of the central government to use Basic Laws to encroach upon devolved jurisdictional powers to promote and protect 'the national interest' of the Spanish state.
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Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia of 2006
The Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia of 2006 (Catalan: Estatut d'Autonomia de Catalunya) provides Catalonia's basic institutional regulations under the Spanish Constitution of 1978. It defines the rights and obligations of the citizens of Catalonia, the political institutions of the Catalan community, their powers and relations with the rest of Spain and the European Union, and the financing of the Government of Catalonia.
This Law was passed by Spanish Parliament on 19 July 2006 and approved by referendum of the citizens of Catalonia on 18 June 2006 and replaced the 1979 Statute of Sau. The new statute sought to achieve clarification of powers and their protection from encroachment by the State, increased executive, legislative and fiscal powers and the recognition of Catalan nationhood. Although turnout at the referendum was low at 49.4%, approval was given by 73.9% and came into effect 9 August 2006.
The conservative opposition party in Spanish Parliament, the People's Party (PP), appealed immediately to the Constitutional Court of Spain on grounds of unconstitutionality of more than half of the Law. Four years after the Statute had been promulgated, on 28 June 2010, the Court made its judgement, annulling 14 articles and dictating the interpretation for 27 more. That led to a massive demonstration in Barcelona of more than a million people and, ultimately a consultation on self-determination in 2014 and the constitutional crisis of 2017-2018.
In 1919, a first Statute was drafted by the Commonwealth of Catalonia although it was rejected by Spanish Cortes Generales. In 1928, a draft Constitution was written in Havana by exiled Catalan nationalists.
Catalonia first obtained a Statute of Autonomy in 1932, during the Second Spanish Republic. This law was abolished by General Francisco Franco after the Spanish Civil War, largely because Catalonia had been a region generally opposed to Franco's Nacionales forces. During periods of his rule, public usage of the Catalan language and culture, and more specifically, Catalan self-government were harshly suppressed.[citation needed]
In 1979, during the Spanish transition to democracy, the second Statute was approved by referendum.
On 18 June 2006, a referendum approved a new statute that had been passed into law by the Spanish Parliament and it thus became effective on 9 August 2006.
In 2003, an uneasy left-wing coalition formed government in Catalonia and set a goal to amend the Statute of Autonomy. As the Constitution had not set clearly defined methods for power sharing, particularly over shared jurisdiction or powers, there had been major conflict as the real power in Catalonia (as in other communities) depended upon how far the State wanted to legislate. Since 1982, the PSOE and later the PP pursued policies to temper enthusiasm for devolution and instead sought to harmonise the powers devolved to all autonomous communities. This was interpreted by the 'historic nationalities' of Catalonia and the Basque Country as the re-imposition of centralist control from Madrid particularly after a landmark ruling of the Constitutional Court upheld the prerogative of the central government to use Basic Laws to encroach upon devolved jurisdictional powers to promote and protect 'the national interest' of the Spanish state.