Chacombe (sometimes Chalcombe in the past) is a village and civil parish in West Northamptonshire, England, about 3 miles (5 km) north-east of Banbury. It is bounded to the west by the River Cherwell, to the north by a tributary and to the south-east by the Banbury–Syresham road. The 2011 Census gave a parish population of 659 and a 2019 estimate 693.

In 1086 the Domesday Book recorded the toponym as Cewecumbe. In most later Medieval documents it is recorded as Chaucumba. The name is thought to be from Old English: a compound of a personal name Ceawa and the word cumb, meaning "valley". Thus the name meant "Ceawa's valley".

In the mid-11th-century reign of Edward the Confessor, a certain Bardi held the manor of Chacombe "freely" (i.e. without a feudal overlord). However, the Domesday Book of 1086 records that after the Norman Conquest of England one Godfrey held the manor of Cewecumbe of Remigius de Fécamp, Bishop of Lincoln. This had four hides of arable land, nine acres of meadow and three watermills. In the 12th century the manor was still assessed as four hides and still held from the Bishop of Lincoln.

The manor house has been demolished. It was on the north-west side of the village, just east of the parish church, in Berry Field, now called Berry Close.

Hugh of Chalcombe, lord of the manor of Chacombe, founded the Augustinian Chacombe Priory in the reign of Henry II (1154–1189). It was just west of the present village.

In 1536 the Priory was suppressed in the Dissolution of the Monasteries and passed all its properties to the Crown. The only visible remains of it are a small chapel apparently built in the 13th century and a set of medieval fishponds, although at least three medieval stone coffin slabs, one from the 13th century, have been found in the priory grounds.

Part of the priory site is now occupied by a house, also called Chacombe Priory. The house has a large Elizabethan porch and a late 17th-century staircase, and was remodelled in the Georgian era.

The earliest part of the Church of England parish church of Saints Peter and Paul is the Norman font. The current building is essentially Decorated Gothic from the early part of the 14th century, including the three-bay arcades either side of the nave. The north aisle has a 14th-century wall painting of Saint Peter being crucified upside-down. It is one of only two wall paintings of Saint Peter's crucifixion known in England, the other being in the parish church at Ickleton in Cambridgeshire. The church is a Grade I listed building.