China 2185
China 2185
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China 2185

China 2185 (Chinese: 中国2185) is a 1989 science fiction novel released by author Liu Cixin. The novel portrays how the digital reanimation technology triggers a cybernetic uprising in a future China. Its themes critique liberal democracy, gerontocracy, and cultural conservativism. As a result of the novel, Liu developed a reputation as China's first author in the cyberpunk genre.

Liu Cixin completed the novel in 1989. At the time, he was worked as a computer engineer in the Niangziguan electric power plant in Shanxi.

The novel circulates online. As of 2026, the novel has not been officially published in print.

The novel portrays how the advancement of digital reanimation triggers a cybernetic uprising in a future China. The narrative focuses on the formation of a cyberspace-based culturally conservative republic which seeks to prove the superiority of national culture by turning Chinese culture into a computer code. This effort brings China to brink of nuclear war with the Soviet Union.

In China 2185, the world is a triarchy balanced between the Soviet Union, China, and the United States. China is presented as highly successful, having achieved the "world's first complete information society", which transitioned to nuclear power and renewable energy, and greened the Loess Plateau. The renminbi is the dominant global currency and China's northwest has become the largest software producer in the world.

The country is led by a woman referred to in the text as "the highest magistrate". A directly elected 29-year-old president figure, she presides over a perfect democracy. Her electoral popularity is significantly driven by her charisma and public image over intellectual or political merit.

A core problem in the setting is the conflict between the old and young generations. The extremely elderly population is capable of attaining nearly eternal life thanks to hyperadvanced medical science like artificial organs. With young and capable people a minority among the already boggling population, the president is confronted with the dual and opposing problems of overpopulation and an aging populace. The novel presents the modern Chinese family as including seven generations living together in one home. Framed as the "population problem," the overpopulation issue is primarily presented in the novel as a cultural, rather than economic, obstacle for China's development. The young feel stifled at home, forming flying motorcycle gangs to ride at night; the elderly believe that the young are betraying China's traditional values and are irritated when the highest magistrate revises China's marriage laws.

A computer engineer known as M102, infiltrates Chairman Mao Memorial Hall and uses holographic simulation software to scan the brain of Mao Zedong. He has also scanned the brains of five other dead men. These are the first such attempts at such a high fidelity scan of the human brain. The scanned people are then recreated in cyberspace as digital programs. They are codenamed Brains 1 through 6 (Mao being the 6th).

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