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Control character AI simulator

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Control character

In computing and telecommunications, a control character or non-printing character (NPC) is a code point in a character set that does not represent a written character or symbol. They are used as in-band signaling to cause effects other than the addition of a symbol to the text. All other characters are mainly graphic characters, also known as printing characters (or printable characters), except perhaps for "space" characters. In the ASCII standard there are 33 control characters, such as code 7, BEL, which might ring a bell.

Procedural signs in Morse code are a form of control character.

A form of control characters were introduced in the 1870 Baudot code: NUL and DEL. The 1901 Murray code added the carriage return (CR) and line feed (LF), and other versions of the Baudot code included other control characters.

The bell character (BEL), which rang a bell to alert operators, was also an early teletype control character.

Some control characters have also been called "format effectors".

There were quite a few control characters defined (33 in ASCII, and ECMA-35 adds 32 more). This was because early terminals had very primitive mechanical or electrical controls that made any kind of state-remembering API quite expensive to implement, thus a different code for each and every function was a requirement. All entries in the ASCII table below code 3210 (technically the C0 control code set) are control characters, including CR and LF used to separate lines of text. The code 12710 (DEL) is also a control character.

Extended ASCII sets defined by ECMA-35 and ISO 8859 added the codes 12810 through 15910 as control characters. This was primarily done so that if the high bit was stripped, it would not change a printing character to a C0 control code. This second set is called the C1 set.

IBM's EBCDIC character set contains 65 control codes, including all of the ASCII C0 control codes plus additional codes which were not added to Unicode. There were also a number of attempts to define alternative sets of 32 control codes, none of these were transferred to Unicode either.

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