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CoronaVac
CoronaVac also known as the Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine was an whole inactivated virus SARS-CoV-2 vaccine developed by Sinovac and extensively deployed globally to control the COVID-19 pandemic. It use was highest in low- and middle-income countries. In January 2024, Sinovac confirmed that production of CoronaVac had been discontinued.
Clinical trials have demonstrated that a standard two-dose regimen provides moderate efficacy against symptomatic COVID-19, ranging from about 50% to 83% depending on population and circulating viral variants, with more robust protection observed against severe disease, hospitalization, and death. Although most adverse reactions are mild and serious vaccine-related events are rare, the vaccine’s immune protection against symptomatic infection wanes over time, especially in the context of emerging variants such as Omicron, leading to recommendations for booster doses to sustain immunity and reduce severe outcomes. Overall, CoronaVac’s safety and efficacy profile in preventing severe COVID-19 have contributed to its use in vaccination programs, particularly in regions with limited access to mRNA vaccines.
On 1 June 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) validated CoronaVac for emergency use. Sinovac subsequently signed agreements to supply 380 million doses to COVAX.
By July 2021, CoronaVac was the most widely used COVID-19 vaccine globally, with about 943 million doses delivered. As of 14 October 2021, it remained the vaccine with the highest number of doses administered worldwide.
The vaccine is given by intramuscular injection into the deltoid muscle. The initial course consists of two doses. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends an interval of 4 weeks between doses, with data from Chile suggesting that a longer interval provides more robust immunity.
Early evidence suggested that immunity wanes rapidly, so a booster dose after the initial course might be needed.
In Brazil, a study was conducted in Serrana, population 45,000, where authorities attempted to vaccinate the entire adult population with CoronaVac. After 75% of the adult population received the vaccine, preliminary results show deaths fell by 95%, hospitalizations by 86% and symptomatic cases by 80%. According to Ricardo Palacios, a director at São Paulo's Instituto Butantan, "The most important result was understanding that we can control the pandemic even without vaccinating the entire population."
In July 2021, researchers from the Chilean Ministry of Health published a paper containing real-world data for their vaccination campaign. The study was conducted between 2 February and 1 May 2021, consisting of 10.2 million people. The effectiveness of CoronaVac vaccine after the second dose was 66% (95% CI, 65–67%) in preventing symptomatic disease, 88% (87–88%) for hospitalization, 90% (89–91%) for ICU admission, and 86% (85–88%) in preventing COVID-19 related deaths. The effectiveness after the first dose was 16% (95% CI, 14–17%) against symptomatic disease, 37% (35–40%) against hospitalization, 45% (41–48%) against ICU admission, and 46% (41–50%) against deaths. The study concluded that the vaccine was effective in preventing COVID-19.
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CoronaVac
CoronaVac also known as the Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine was an whole inactivated virus SARS-CoV-2 vaccine developed by Sinovac and extensively deployed globally to control the COVID-19 pandemic. It use was highest in low- and middle-income countries. In January 2024, Sinovac confirmed that production of CoronaVac had been discontinued.
Clinical trials have demonstrated that a standard two-dose regimen provides moderate efficacy against symptomatic COVID-19, ranging from about 50% to 83% depending on population and circulating viral variants, with more robust protection observed against severe disease, hospitalization, and death. Although most adverse reactions are mild and serious vaccine-related events are rare, the vaccine’s immune protection against symptomatic infection wanes over time, especially in the context of emerging variants such as Omicron, leading to recommendations for booster doses to sustain immunity and reduce severe outcomes. Overall, CoronaVac’s safety and efficacy profile in preventing severe COVID-19 have contributed to its use in vaccination programs, particularly in regions with limited access to mRNA vaccines.
On 1 June 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) validated CoronaVac for emergency use. Sinovac subsequently signed agreements to supply 380 million doses to COVAX.
By July 2021, CoronaVac was the most widely used COVID-19 vaccine globally, with about 943 million doses delivered. As of 14 October 2021, it remained the vaccine with the highest number of doses administered worldwide.
The vaccine is given by intramuscular injection into the deltoid muscle. The initial course consists of two doses. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends an interval of 4 weeks between doses, with data from Chile suggesting that a longer interval provides more robust immunity.
Early evidence suggested that immunity wanes rapidly, so a booster dose after the initial course might be needed.
In Brazil, a study was conducted in Serrana, population 45,000, where authorities attempted to vaccinate the entire adult population with CoronaVac. After 75% of the adult population received the vaccine, preliminary results show deaths fell by 95%, hospitalizations by 86% and symptomatic cases by 80%. According to Ricardo Palacios, a director at São Paulo's Instituto Butantan, "The most important result was understanding that we can control the pandemic even without vaccinating the entire population."
In July 2021, researchers from the Chilean Ministry of Health published a paper containing real-world data for their vaccination campaign. The study was conducted between 2 February and 1 May 2021, consisting of 10.2 million people. The effectiveness of CoronaVac vaccine after the second dose was 66% (95% CI, 65–67%) in preventing symptomatic disease, 88% (87–88%) for hospitalization, 90% (89–91%) for ICU admission, and 86% (85–88%) in preventing COVID-19 related deaths. The effectiveness after the first dose was 16% (95% CI, 14–17%) against symptomatic disease, 37% (35–40%) against hospitalization, 45% (41–48%) against ICU admission, and 46% (41–50%) against deaths. The study concluded that the vaccine was effective in preventing COVID-19.