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Crown (tooth)
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Crown (tooth)
In dentistry, the crown is the visible part of the tooth above the gingival margin and is an essential component of dental anatomy. Covered by enamel, the crown plays a crucial role in cutting, tearing, and grinding food. Its shape and structure vary depending on the type and function of the tooth (incisors, canines, premolars, or molars), and differ between primary dentition and permanent dentition. The crown also contributes to facial aesthetics, speech, and oral health.
The anatomical crown refers to the portion of the tooth covered by enamel, regardless of whether it is visible. The clinical crown is the part of the tooth that is visible in the mouth. In a healthy young adult, the gums typically follow the contour where enamel meets the root, so the clinical and anatomical crowns are similar in size. However, with age or periodontal disease, this may change.
To describe the location and orientation of the crown's surfaces, dental professionals use several standard terms.
The surface of the tooth that faces the lips or cheeks is referred to as the facial surface. In anterior teeth, such as incisors and canines, this surface is more specifically known as the labial surface, while in posterior teeth, such as premolars and molars, it is termed the buccal surface.
The lingual surface is the side of the tooth that faces the tongue. In the upper jaw or maxillary arch, this surface may also be referred to as the palatal surface due to its proximity to the palate.
The occlusal surface is the chewing surface found on posterior teeth (premolar and molars), whereas anterior teeth have an incisal edge, which is a sharp cutting edge used for biting.
The sides of a tooth that make contact with neighbouring teeth are called proximal surfaces. If the surface faces toward the midline of the dental arch, it is known as the mesial surface. Conversely, if it faces away from the midline, it is termed the distal surface.
The crown contributes to multiple functions, including mastication, speech, aesthetics, and protection of supporting oral structures. Incisors, positioned at the front of the mouth, have sharp edges for cutting food and aiding in speech. Canines have pointed cusps to tear food and support the bite. Premolars combine tearing and grinding functions, while molars, with their broad surfaces, are specialised for crushing and grinding food.
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Crown (tooth)
In dentistry, the crown is the visible part of the tooth above the gingival margin and is an essential component of dental anatomy. Covered by enamel, the crown plays a crucial role in cutting, tearing, and grinding food. Its shape and structure vary depending on the type and function of the tooth (incisors, canines, premolars, or molars), and differ between primary dentition and permanent dentition. The crown also contributes to facial aesthetics, speech, and oral health.
The anatomical crown refers to the portion of the tooth covered by enamel, regardless of whether it is visible. The clinical crown is the part of the tooth that is visible in the mouth. In a healthy young adult, the gums typically follow the contour where enamel meets the root, so the clinical and anatomical crowns are similar in size. However, with age or periodontal disease, this may change.
To describe the location and orientation of the crown's surfaces, dental professionals use several standard terms.
The surface of the tooth that faces the lips or cheeks is referred to as the facial surface. In anterior teeth, such as incisors and canines, this surface is more specifically known as the labial surface, while in posterior teeth, such as premolars and molars, it is termed the buccal surface.
The lingual surface is the side of the tooth that faces the tongue. In the upper jaw or maxillary arch, this surface may also be referred to as the palatal surface due to its proximity to the palate.
The occlusal surface is the chewing surface found on posterior teeth (premolar and molars), whereas anterior teeth have an incisal edge, which is a sharp cutting edge used for biting.
The sides of a tooth that make contact with neighbouring teeth are called proximal surfaces. If the surface faces toward the midline of the dental arch, it is known as the mesial surface. Conversely, if it faces away from the midline, it is termed the distal surface.
The crown contributes to multiple functions, including mastication, speech, aesthetics, and protection of supporting oral structures. Incisors, positioned at the front of the mouth, have sharp edges for cutting food and aiding in speech. Canines have pointed cusps to tear food and support the bite. Premolars combine tearing and grinding functions, while molars, with their broad surfaces, are specialised for crushing and grinding food.
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