Crystal monochromator

A crystal monochromator is a device in neutron and X-ray optics to select a defined wavelength of the radiation for further purpose on a dedicated instrument or beamline. It operates through the diffraction process according to Bragg's law.

Similar devices are called crystal analyzer for the examination of scattered radiation.

A crystal monochromator is an optical device used in X-ray and neutron spectroscopy to isolate a specific wavelength or a narrow range of wavelengths from a broader spectrum of radiation. It operates based on the principle of diffraction through a crystalline structure, governed by Bragg's Law. Crystal monochromators are integral to applications in materials science, structural biology, and high-energy physics.

Crystal monochromators utilize the atomic lattice structure of a crystal to diffract incident radiation at specific angles. The diffraction condition is defined by Bragg’s Law: nλ=2dsinθ Where:

By adjusting the angle of the crystal, the monochromator selectively allows radiation of a desired wavelength to pass while filtering out others.

Commonly used materials for crystal monochromators include:

These materials are chosen for their well-defined crystal lattice structures and their ability to withstand the operational environment.

Crystal monochromators can be designed in various configurations: