This is the list of Czech rail records. Dates in brackets indicate when the record was reached or when the railway infrastructure was put into operation.

First horse-drawn railway
Railway České Budějovice–Linz, first public railway in continental Europe, with length 120 km and rail gauge 1,106 mm (3 ft 7+1⁄2 in), section České Budějovice–Kerschbaum put into operation on 30 September 1828, the rest opened on 1 August 1832.

First railway (steam powered)
First section of the North railway from Vienna to Břeclav and its branch from Břeclav to Brno (7 July 1839)

Maximum gradient of a rail line
Gradient 58 ‰ on cog railway Tanvald–Kořenov (30 June 1902)

The lowest railway station
Station Dolní Žleb, 127 m above sea level, on cross-border line Děčín–Bad Schandau in valley of the Elbe River (8 April 1851)

The highest railway station
Station Kubova Huť, 995 m (3,264 ft) above sea level, on line Strakonice–Volary (15 October 1893)

The longest tunnel
Ejpovice Tunnel, 4,150 m (13,620 ft) long, on line Prague–Plzeň (15 November 2018)

The longest bridge/viaduct
Negrelli Viaduct (also called Karlín Viaduct), 1,111 m (3,645 ft) long, on rail section Prague Masaryk station-Prague Bubny (1 June 1850)