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Daisy Roulland-Dussoix
Daisy Roulland-Dussoix (9 September 1936 – 5 January 2014) was a Swiss molecular microbiologist. She was one of the discoverers of restriction enzymes during her doctoral studies. There is controversy over whether she should have received the 1978 Nobel prize in Physiology and Medicine, which was awarded to Hamilton O. Smith, Daniel Nathans, and Werner Arber.
Daisy Roulland-Dussoix was born on 9 September 1936 in Geneva, Switzerland. Her parents were Edmond Louis Dussoix and Elsa Margaetha (Sauerbrey) Dussoix.
Daisy Roulland-Dussoix (née Daisy Dussoix) gained her first degree in Chemistry and Biology from University of Geneva (1958), followed by her doctorate in Biophysics (1964).
She worked for her PhD with Werner Arber and Eduard Kellenberger, Swiss microbial geneticists, at the time when the barriers to infection of bacterial cells by virus (bacteriophage) first became apparent, leading to the discovery of restriction and modification enzymes that have subsequently become essential molecular biology tools. These enzymes result in cleavage of DNA by enzymes at sites characterised by specific sequences unless these are protected by prior enzymatic modification to the DNA bases. This system protects bacterial cells from viral infection.
The research of Grete Kellenberger-Gujer had already demonstrated that phage DNA could be degraded by host bacterial cells. Daisy Dussoix and Werner Arber showed that this process required enzymes, resulting in two publications that paved the way for discovery and isolation of the restriction and modification enzymes involved. They had previously presented these results at the First International Biophysics Congress in Stockholm in 1961.
In 1964 Dussoix moved to Stanford University, USA, funded by a Jane Coffin Childs postdoctoral fellowship to work with Robert Lehman. She subsequently worked as Assistant Professor in Residence in the Department of Microbiology from 1968 at the University of California, San Francisco and continued to study DNA restriction and modification with Herbert W Boyer.
She later worked with the research group of Harold E. Varmus on understanding how avian src family kinase protoncogenes worked. She subsequently moved to the University of California, Berkeley.
In early 1980 Dussoix-Roulland returned to Europe and worked at the Institut Pasteur in Paris on detection of mycoplasmas using PCR-based molecular methods. She was appointed Group Head of the Mycoplasma Laboratory in 1987 in the Viral Oncology Unit of Luc Montagnier. Her publications from these years focused on mycobacterium and mycoplasmas, specifically genetic and molecular characterization and the development of detection methods.
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Daisy Roulland-Dussoix
Daisy Roulland-Dussoix (9 September 1936 – 5 January 2014) was a Swiss molecular microbiologist. She was one of the discoverers of restriction enzymes during her doctoral studies. There is controversy over whether she should have received the 1978 Nobel prize in Physiology and Medicine, which was awarded to Hamilton O. Smith, Daniel Nathans, and Werner Arber.
Daisy Roulland-Dussoix was born on 9 September 1936 in Geneva, Switzerland. Her parents were Edmond Louis Dussoix and Elsa Margaetha (Sauerbrey) Dussoix.
Daisy Roulland-Dussoix (née Daisy Dussoix) gained her first degree in Chemistry and Biology from University of Geneva (1958), followed by her doctorate in Biophysics (1964).
She worked for her PhD with Werner Arber and Eduard Kellenberger, Swiss microbial geneticists, at the time when the barriers to infection of bacterial cells by virus (bacteriophage) first became apparent, leading to the discovery of restriction and modification enzymes that have subsequently become essential molecular biology tools. These enzymes result in cleavage of DNA by enzymes at sites characterised by specific sequences unless these are protected by prior enzymatic modification to the DNA bases. This system protects bacterial cells from viral infection.
The research of Grete Kellenberger-Gujer had already demonstrated that phage DNA could be degraded by host bacterial cells. Daisy Dussoix and Werner Arber showed that this process required enzymes, resulting in two publications that paved the way for discovery and isolation of the restriction and modification enzymes involved. They had previously presented these results at the First International Biophysics Congress in Stockholm in 1961.
In 1964 Dussoix moved to Stanford University, USA, funded by a Jane Coffin Childs postdoctoral fellowship to work with Robert Lehman. She subsequently worked as Assistant Professor in Residence in the Department of Microbiology from 1968 at the University of California, San Francisco and continued to study DNA restriction and modification with Herbert W Boyer.
She later worked with the research group of Harold E. Varmus on understanding how avian src family kinase protoncogenes worked. She subsequently moved to the University of California, Berkeley.
In early 1980 Dussoix-Roulland returned to Europe and worked at the Institut Pasteur in Paris on detection of mycoplasmas using PCR-based molecular methods. She was appointed Group Head of the Mycoplasma Laboratory in 1987 in the Viral Oncology Unit of Luc Montagnier. Her publications from these years focused on mycobacterium and mycoplasmas, specifically genetic and molecular characterization and the development of detection methods.