The dark-throated seedeater (Sporophila ruficollis) is a bird species in the family Thraupidae (formerly in Emberizidae). It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay (where it can still be found at the Quebrada de los Cuervos).

Its natural habitats are dry savanna and subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland. It is becoming rare due to habitat loss.