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Directly elected mayors in England
In England, directly elected mayors are directly elected executive political leaders of some local government bodies, usually either local authorities (councils) or combined authorities. Mayors of the latter may be informally referred to as "metro mayors" or "regionally devolved Mayors"
The first such post was the Mayor of London, created as the executive of the Greater London Authority in 2000 as part of a reform of the local government of Greater London. Since the Local Government Act 2000, all of the several hundred principal local councils in England and Wales have been required to review their executive arrangements.
Examples of local authority mayors include the Mayor of Middlesbrough and the Mayor of North Tyneside.
Metro mayors include the Mayor of Greater Manchester and the Mayor of the West Midlands. Legislation on directly elected mayors applies both to England and Wales, but there are currently no directly elected mayors in Wales. Metro mayors and the Mayor of London enjoy a seat on the Council of the Nations and Regions, where they sit alongside the UK Prime Minister and First Ministers of devolved governments and on the Mayoral Council for England, chaired by the Deputy Prime Minister.
The system of elected mayors had been considered by the Major ministry, and the former Environment Secretary Michael Heseltine had been a proponent of it. The 1997 Labour manifesto included a commitment to reform local government in London by introducing an elected mayor.
The first directly elected mayor was introduced in Greater London in 2000 as part of the statutory provisions of the Greater London Authority Act 1999. The position of the elected Mayor of London is a strategic regional one, and quite different from that of local authority mayors. The work of the Mayor of London is scrutinised by the London Assembly, a unique arrangement in the English local government system. The Mayor of London cannot be removed from office by a referendum following a petition, as is the case for directly elected mayors elsewhere in England.
The role should not be confused with the ancient position of Lord Mayor of London, elected annually by liverymen of the City of London.
Elsewhere in England and Wales, since the Local Government Act 2000, there have been a range of options for how a local council executive leadership can be constituted, and installing a directly elected mayor is one of these options. The 2000 act ended the previous committee-based system, where functions were exercised by committees of the council (although this was reinstated in 2012). All of several hundred principal councils were required to review their executive arrangements under the 2000 legislation. Local authorities considering the option of an elected mayor were required to put the question to a local referendum. It is also possible for campaign groups to trigger a local referendum with a signed petition. A number of areas with elected mayors also have civic mayors or Lord mayors and these ceremonial roles conferred on acting councillors are separate from elected mayors.
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Directly elected mayors in England
In England, directly elected mayors are directly elected executive political leaders of some local government bodies, usually either local authorities (councils) or combined authorities. Mayors of the latter may be informally referred to as "metro mayors" or "regionally devolved Mayors"
The first such post was the Mayor of London, created as the executive of the Greater London Authority in 2000 as part of a reform of the local government of Greater London. Since the Local Government Act 2000, all of the several hundred principal local councils in England and Wales have been required to review their executive arrangements.
Examples of local authority mayors include the Mayor of Middlesbrough and the Mayor of North Tyneside.
Metro mayors include the Mayor of Greater Manchester and the Mayor of the West Midlands. Legislation on directly elected mayors applies both to England and Wales, but there are currently no directly elected mayors in Wales. Metro mayors and the Mayor of London enjoy a seat on the Council of the Nations and Regions, where they sit alongside the UK Prime Minister and First Ministers of devolved governments and on the Mayoral Council for England, chaired by the Deputy Prime Minister.
The system of elected mayors had been considered by the Major ministry, and the former Environment Secretary Michael Heseltine had been a proponent of it. The 1997 Labour manifesto included a commitment to reform local government in London by introducing an elected mayor.
The first directly elected mayor was introduced in Greater London in 2000 as part of the statutory provisions of the Greater London Authority Act 1999. The position of the elected Mayor of London is a strategic regional one, and quite different from that of local authority mayors. The work of the Mayor of London is scrutinised by the London Assembly, a unique arrangement in the English local government system. The Mayor of London cannot be removed from office by a referendum following a petition, as is the case for directly elected mayors elsewhere in England.
The role should not be confused with the ancient position of Lord Mayor of London, elected annually by liverymen of the City of London.
Elsewhere in England and Wales, since the Local Government Act 2000, there have been a range of options for how a local council executive leadership can be constituted, and installing a directly elected mayor is one of these options. The 2000 act ended the previous committee-based system, where functions were exercised by committees of the council (although this was reinstated in 2012). All of several hundred principal councils were required to review their executive arrangements under the 2000 legislation. Local authorities considering the option of an elected mayor were required to put the question to a local referendum. It is also possible for campaign groups to trigger a local referendum with a signed petition. A number of areas with elected mayors also have civic mayors or Lord mayors and these ceremonial roles conferred on acting councillors are separate from elected mayors.