Doppelganger (disinformation campaign)
Doppelganger (disinformation campaign)
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Doppelganger (disinformation campaign)

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Doppelganger (disinformation campaign)

Doppelgänger is a Russian disinformation campaign established in 2022 by Russian IT firm Social Design Agency (SDA). It has targeted Ukraine, Germany, France, and the United States, with the aim of undermining support for Ukraine in Russia's invasion of the country.

The aim is to serve the Kremlin's narrative, primarily to weaken Western support for Ukraine. The narrative favors four themes (messages):

The second goal for the propaganda articles is to be quoted and picked up by Russian media in order to reach the Russian population through the alternative reality that Russian power is trying to maintain about the war in Ukraine.

Doppelgänger has been active since May 2022. The campaign was unmasked by EU DisinfoLab that September. In May 2024, the company OpenAI removed accounts used by Doppelgänger in influence operations.

Doppelgänger relies on fake websites that mimic the appearance of existing news sources, such as Der Spiegel, Le Parisien, Fox News and The Washington Post. In the U.S., Doppelgänger has pushed articles criticizing the LGBTQ rights movement, which has been outlawed in Russia, and raising doubts about the competence of the military.

Doppelgänger's fake websites push false stories that are critical of Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy, U.S. president Joe Biden and the White House's Ukraine policy.

In June 2023, French authorities announced they had uncovered a Doppelgänger campaign to target several French daily newspapers such as Le Figaro, Le Parisien, Le Monde and 20 minutes, as well as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The campaign created copycat websites of the newspapers, using them to promote pro-Russian content, including a fake Le Monde article titled "French Minister supports the murder of Russian soldiers in Ukraine". A fake Ministry of Foreign Affairs website was also created, including a fake announcement for a 1.5% tax on "every monetary transaction" to finance military support for Ukraine.

Despite its discovery and denunciation, Operation Doppelgänger continued. In August 2023, Meta's security report stated that Doppelgänger was targeting a new country: the United States. In the summer of 2023, Russian services copied the websites of Fox News, The Washington Post and the NATO website.

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