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Eastern Aircraft Division
The Eastern Aircraft Division was formed by the General Motors Corporation (GM) for the duration of the Second World War, to manufacture Grumman's F4F Wildcat and TBM Avenger carrier-based aircraft under license. The division comprised five plants on the East Coast of the United States, which, since the declaration of war in December 1941, had had to cease production of automobiles or car components.
Created in January 1942, the new organization soon became operational. The aim was to manufacture two Grumman aircraft, so that the manufacturer could concentrate on assembling its new F6F Hellcat fighter.
The Navy assigned Eastern Aircraft the code M, so the F4F Wildcat fighter became the FM, and the TBF Avenger torpedo bomber became the TBM.
Eastern produced its first Wildcat in September 1942 and its first Avenger in November of the same year. Production increased rapidly, and Grumman was able to cease production of both models before the end of 1943.
By the end of the war, Eastern Aircraft Division had built nearly three quarters of the total number of Wildcat and Avenger aircraft produced during the Second World War. This represented a quarter of the total US wartime production of carrier-based combat aircraft.
During the years preceding the declaration of war, Congress voted several massive increases in the size of the American armed forces. On July 19, 1940, for example, the Two-Ocean Navy Act authorized construction of eight additional Essex-class aircraft carriers.
Following the attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States entered the war and all shipbuilding programs were accelerated (for example, USS Essex entered service in December 1942 instead of 1944). Emergency conversion programs were also implemented – both for existing ships and those under construction.
The need for shipborne aircraft, already high following the pre-war increases, rose sharply with the outbreak of hostilities. All the country's resources were mobilized, but demand was such that the existing factories could no longer meet it.
Eastern Aircraft Division
The Eastern Aircraft Division was formed by the General Motors Corporation (GM) for the duration of the Second World War, to manufacture Grumman's F4F Wildcat and TBM Avenger carrier-based aircraft under license. The division comprised five plants on the East Coast of the United States, which, since the declaration of war in December 1941, had had to cease production of automobiles or car components.
Created in January 1942, the new organization soon became operational. The aim was to manufacture two Grumman aircraft, so that the manufacturer could concentrate on assembling its new F6F Hellcat fighter.
The Navy assigned Eastern Aircraft the code M, so the F4F Wildcat fighter became the FM, and the TBF Avenger torpedo bomber became the TBM.
Eastern produced its first Wildcat in September 1942 and its first Avenger in November of the same year. Production increased rapidly, and Grumman was able to cease production of both models before the end of 1943.
By the end of the war, Eastern Aircraft Division had built nearly three quarters of the total number of Wildcat and Avenger aircraft produced during the Second World War. This represented a quarter of the total US wartime production of carrier-based combat aircraft.
During the years preceding the declaration of war, Congress voted several massive increases in the size of the American armed forces. On July 19, 1940, for example, the Two-Ocean Navy Act authorized construction of eight additional Essex-class aircraft carriers.
Following the attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States entered the war and all shipbuilding programs were accelerated (for example, USS Essex entered service in December 1942 instead of 1944). Emergency conversion programs were also implemented – both for existing ships and those under construction.
The need for shipborne aircraft, already high following the pre-war increases, rose sharply with the outbreak of hostilities. All the country's resources were mobilized, but demand was such that the existing factories could no longer meet it.
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