Elisa Leonida was born in Galați, Romania, to Atanase Leonida, a career officer, and Matilda Gill, of French origin. Her early life was influenced by a family that valued education, despite societal norms of the time.

Elisa received her early education in Galați, demonstrating an aptitude for science and mathematics from a young age. Details about specific schools are scarce, but she excelled in her studies.

Elisa applied to the School of Bridges and Roads in Bucharest, but was rejected due to prejudice against women in the field. This setback fueled her determination to pursue engineering.

Undeterred, Elisa sought admission to the Royal Technical Academy of Berlin (Technische Hochschule Berlin) in Charlottenburg. She faced initial resistance, with one professor reportedly telling her, 'Kitchen, Church, Children' was woman's only place. After passing the admission exams, she was accepted.

Elisa Leonida successfully graduated with a degree in engineering from the Royal Technical Academy of Berlin. This achievement was a significant milestone, marking her as one of the first women in Europe to earn an engineering degree.