Elizabeth Chai Vasarhelyi (/ˌvɑːsəˈrɛli/ VAH-sə-REL-ee; born 1977 or 1978) is an American documentary filmmaker. She was the director, along with her then-husband, Jimmy Chin, for the film Free Solo, which won the 2019 Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature. The film profiled Alex Honnold and his free solo climb of El Capitan in June 2017. Vasarhelyi and Chin's first scripted film venture was Nyad, a biopic chronicling Diana Nyad's quest to be the first person to swim from Cuba to Florida.

Vasarhelyi grew up in New York City, and is the daughter of Marina Vasarhelyi, a college administrator, and Miklós Vásárhelyi, a college professor. Her father is a Hungarian-born Brazilian and her mother is from Hong Kong. Vasarhelyi is a graduate of The Brearley School. She holds a B.A. in Comparative Literature from Princeton University.

Vasarhelyi's first film, A Normal Life, won Best Documentary at the Tribeca Film Festival in 2003. She began working on it during her junior year in college, wanting to do something to help after the ethnic cleansing and war crimes of the Kosovo War. After her junior year, she and Hugo Berkeley, who had just graduated from Princeton, went to Kosovo to make a documentary. They arrived 10 days after the war ended, heading to Pristina, where they met groups of passionate young journalists and activists and decided to center the documentary there. This became a 25-minute work, Reconstructing Kosovo, that Vasarhelyi used in her thesis on comparative literature, but she and Berkeley then expanded it into an hour-long documentary for public release.

The final documentary centers on seven youth: journalists Nebi Qena and Garentina Kraja; soloist from the Jericho group, Petrit Çarkaxhiu; director, Kaltrina Krasniqi; Ylber Bajraktari, Driton Bekqeli and Linda Gusia; as well as publisher of the newspaper Koha Ditore, Veton Surroi. The documentary also brings in its two creators as characters, watching them learn about the war and relate to their subjects. The film follows the group of activists for three years after the war, watching them make change and become leaders of the new state as they recover from trauma and despair. A Normal LIfe was selected to show at 2003 documentary festivals like Tribeca, Woodstock, Montreal, and Copenhagen, and was also shown by the Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs.

Vasarhelyi worked in 2004 as an assistant to director Mike Nichols on the film Closer and has worked extensively with Emmy Award-winning cinematographer Scott Duncan documenting events such as the Dakar Rally.

Vasarhelyi's second film, Youssou N'Dour: I Bring What I Love, was released in theaters in the United States and internationally. The film premiered at the Telluride and Toronto Film Festivals and won numerous awards including the Special Jury Prize at the Middle East International Film Festival in 2008 and a nomination for the Pare Lorentz Award at the 2009 International Documentary Association Awards. Vasarhelyi worked on the film for five years, moving to Africa for its production, and stated that this period was personally fulfilling but very tough on her relationships: at one point during shooting, she had to miss her grandmother's funeral. She wanted to make an uplifting, musical film about Africa, and she admired the film's subject, Youssou N'Dour, praising his voice and dedication to his principles. She stated that once you see his band, Super Etoile, "you'll follow them to the edge of the earth."

In 2013, Vasarhelyi completed Touba, a documentary on the annual Mouride pilgrimage, the Grand Magaal in Touba, Senegal. It premiered at SXSW 2013, where it won the Special Jury Prize for Best Cinematography.

She returned to Senegal to document the presidential elections of 2012. Incorruptible (formerly An African Spring), the story of Senegalese democracy, won the Independent Spirit Truer Than Fiction Award in 2015. In 2015, Brandon Wilson from IndieWire wrote that Vasarhelyi's "familiarity with the country pays dividends and elevates the piece from being just another tale of civic dysfunction on the African continent."