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Environmental impact of paper

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Environmental impact of paper

The environmental impact of paper is significant.[citation needed] This has led to changes in industry and behaviour at both business and personal levels. With the use of modern technology such as the printing press and the highly mechanized harvesting of wood, disposable paper became a relatively cheap commodity, which led to a high level of consumption and waste. The rise in global environmental issues such as air and water pollution, climate change, overflowing landfills and clearcutting have all led to increased government regulations. There is now a trend towards sustainability in the pulp and paper industry as it moves to reduce clearcutting, water use, greenhouse gas emissions, and fossil fuel consumption and to clean up its influence on local water supplies and air pollution.

According to a Canadian astroturfing organization, "People need paper products and we need sustainable, environmentally safe production."

Environmental product declarations or product scorecards are available to collect and evaluate the environmental and social performance of paper products, such as the Paper Calculator, Environmental Paper Assessment Tool (EPAT), or Paper Profile.

Both the U.S. and Canada generate interactive maps of environmental indicators which show pollution emissions of individual facilities.

Pulp and paper mills contribute to air, water and land pollution. Discarded paper and paperboard make up roughly 26% of solid municipal waste in landfill sites.

Pulp and paper generate the third largest amount of industrial air, water, and land emissions in Canada and the sixth largest in the United States. In 2015, the industry released 174,000 tonnes of emissions to air, water and land, or 5.3% out of a total of 3.3 million tonnes of emissions released by all industries in Canada. In the United States the pulp and paper industry released about 79,000 tonnes or about 5% of all industrial pollutant releases in 2015[needs update]

Worldwide, the pulp and paper industry is the fifth largest consumer of energy, accounting for four percent of all the world's energy use. However, the entire paper and printing sector contributes less than 1% to the global greenhouse gas inventory due to the very high use of renewable energy, mostly biomass.

The pulp and paper industry uses more water to produce a ton of product than any other industry.

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