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Facility management

Facility management or facilities management (FM) is a professional discipline focused on coordinating the use of space, infrastructure, people, and organization. Facilities management ensures that physical assets and environments are managed effectively to meet the needs of their users. By integrating maintenance, safety, efficiency, and comfort, FM supports organizational goals within the built environment. The profession operates under global standards such as ISO 41001 and is guided by organizations like the International Facility Management Association (IFMA).

The concept of facilities management originated in the 1960s, primarily in the context of IT systems management. The term was coined by IBM alumnus and Electronic Data Systems founder Ross Perot, to describe the integration of network management and support services. Over time, it expanded to include broader elements of building and operational management.

Facility management as integral to the processes of strategic organizational planning was represented during a 1979 conference sponsored by Herman Miller. Following the meeting, the furniture manufacturer opened the Facility Management Institute (FMI), with its headquarters in Ann Arbor, Michigan.

The National Facility Management Association (NFMA) was formed in 1980, separating the overall profession from a single enterprise. In 1982, the NFMA expanded to form the International Facility Management Association (IFMA)

In 1986, the first professional FM organization was launched in the UK, as the Association of Facility Managers (AFM).

Facility management encompasses interdisciplinary business functions to balance the demand and supply of facilities and services. The term “facility” includes all tangible assets supporting an organization, such as real estate, buildings, infrastructure, HVAC systems, IT services, and more.

In 2017, ISO 41011 defined FM as the "organizational function which integrates people, place and process within the built environment with the purpose of improving the quality of life of people and the productivity of the core business." The ISO definition was formally adopted by BIFM in August 2017. ISO 41001:2018 provided a management framework to implement these principles.

Facilities management is divided into two major categories:

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