 A depiction of factor VIII | |
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| Trade names | Aafact, Kovaltry, others[1] |
| Other names | octocog alfa |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
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| Routes of administration | Intravenous (IV) |
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| Trade names | Adynovi |
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| Trade names | Advate |
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| Clinical data | |
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| Trade names | Wilate |
| License data | |
| Drug class | Anticoagulant |
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Factor VIII, an essential blood coagulation protein,[12] is used as a medication to treat and prevent bleeding in people with hemophilia A and other causes of low factor VIII.[13][14] Certain preparations may also be used in those with von Willebrand's disease.[14] It is given by slow injection into a vein.[13]
Side effects include skin flushing, shortness of breath, fever, and red blood cell breakdown.[13][14] Allergic reactions including anaphylaxis may occur.[14] It is unclear if use during pregnancy is safe for the fetus.[15] A purified factor VIII concentrate is made from human blood plasma.[14] A recombinant version is also available.[13] People may develop antibodies to factor VIII such that this medication becomes less effective.[15]
Factor VIII was first identified in the 1940s and became available as a medication in the 1960s.[16][17] Recombinant factor VIII was first made in 1984 and approved for medical use in the United States in 1992.[18][19] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[20]
Factor VIII is delivered by intravenous infusion.[21]
This transfer of a plasma byproduct into the blood stream of a hemophiliac often led to the transmission of diseases such as HIV and hepatitis before purification methods were improved. In the early 1990s, pharmaceutical companies began to produce recombinant synthesized factor products, which now prevent nearly all forms of disease transmission during replacement therapy.[citation needed]
von Willebrand Factor/Coagulation Factor VIII Complex (Human) (sold under the brand name Wilate) was approved for medical use in the United States in 2009.[10][22]
The cost of Factor VIII and similar clotting factors has been described as "highly expensive".[21] The cost of the clotting factors is 80% of all medical costs for people with hemophilia.[23] They are so expensive that gene therapy for haemophilia might be less expensive, especially for people with severe hemophilia.[23]
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