Fang Fang (Chinese: 方方), pen name of Wang Fang (汪芳; born 11 May 1955), is a Chinese writer, known for her literary depictions of the working poor. She won the Lu Xun Literary Prize in 2010. Born in Nanjing, she attended Wuhan University in 1978 to study Chinese. In 1975, she began to write poetry and in 1982, her first novel was published. She has since written several novels, some of which have been honored by Chinese national-level literary prizes. Fang garnered international attention for her Wuhan Diary, documenting the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in China, and has used her platform to call for an end to internet censorship in China.

During the 2020 Hubei lockdowns, Fang Fang used Weibo share her Wuhan Diary (武汉日记), a daily account of life in the locked-down city of Wuhan. In addition to her own writing, Wuhan Diary utilized anonymous interviews with other people in the city. The account drew international public attention.

Fang Fang—a member of China Writers Association and the former chairwoman of the officially affiliated Hubei Writers’ Association—was considered to be a "politically trustworthy figure".

Some Chinese netizens responded with criticism or ridicule. Others questioned the truthfulness of her accounts or contended that she was spreading "hearsay". One of Fang Fang's critics is Zhang Boli—a Traditional Chinese Medicine physician— who spent 82 days working in Wuhan's front lines. Zhang criticized those who had expressed "distorted values," including Fang Fang, in an online speech he gave on May 12, 2020, about the national struggle to fight the virus. Fang Fang then contacted Zhang on Weibo for an apology, which prompted a heated debate on the social media platform. Netizens argued that Fang Fang, who resided in her villa and posting her diary online, did not have as much credibility compared to Zhang, who was a doctor in the front lines.

Fang Fang's domestic supporters were primarily middle-aged people who saw her as holding government figures accountable. Academic and journalist Liang Yu described the debates in China about Fang Fang as "not a war between left and right, but between old and new."

Responding to early criticisms, Fang Fang stated that she was "grieving and venting" and that her account was "absolutely consistent with the government's position".

Domestic criticism of Fang Fang increased after it became public knowledge that her book Wuhan Diary: Dispatches from a Quarantined City had been expedited for publication in English and German. Those who criticized Fang Fang contended that Fang Fang's writing was used by anti-Chinese elements to spread conspiracy theories about COVID-19's origins and to make unjustified criticisms of China.

The gong-ringing daughter (who became famous on social media for trying to save her sick mother after her mother was refused hospital admission), condemned Fang Fang's writing about her. The gong-ringing daughter wrote that Fang Fang had "defamed" China by "weaponizing" the gong-ringing story. She also requested of Fang Fang, "Please do not include me in your diary, I don't wish to go abroad."