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Royal Saint-Hubert Galleries
The Royal Saint-Hubert Galleries (French: Galeries Royales Saint-Hubert; Dutch: Koninklijke Sint-Hubertusgalerijen) is an ensemble of three glazed shopping arcades in central Brussels, Belgium. It consists of the King's Gallery (French: Galerie du Roi; Dutch: Koningsgalerij), the Queen's Gallery (French: Galerie de la Reine; Dutch: Koninginnegalerij) and the Princes' Gallery (French: Galerie des Princes; Dutch: Prinsengalerij).
The galleries were designed and built by the architect Jean-Pierre Cluysenaar between 1846 and 1847, and precede other famous 19th-century European shopping arcades, such as the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II in Milan and the Passage in Saint Petersburg. Like them, they have twin, regular façades with distant origins in Vasari's long, narrow, street-like courtyard of the Uffizi in Florence. They feature glazed, arched shopfronts separated by pilasters and two upper floors, all in an Italianate style inspired by the Cinquecento, under an arched, glass-paned roof with a delicate cast-iron framework. The complex was designated a historic monument in 1986.
The galleries are located near the Grand-Place/Grote Markt (Brussels' main square), in the block between the Rue du Marché aux Herbes/Grasmarkt and the Rue de la Montagne/Bergstraat to the south and east, the Rue d'Arenberg/Arenbergstraat and the Rue de l'Ecuyer/Schildknaapsstraat to the north, and the Rue des Dominicains/Predikherenstraat and the Rue des Bouchers/Beenhouwersstraat to the west. This site is served by Brussels-Central railway station.
The toponym comes from the old Rue Saint-Hubert/Sint-Huybrechtsstraet ("Saint-Hubert Street"), which linked the Rue du Marché aux Herbes/Grasmarkt to the Rue des Bouchers/Beenhouwersstraat. This 2-metre-wide (6.6 ft) street already existed in the 13th century, and was called Bogart or Bomgaard, meaning "Orchard Street". It was later also called Spiegelstraatken ("Mirror Lane"). The name Saint-Hubert appeared in 1685 because of a tavern bearing this saint's name, which was frequented by the stallholders from the nearby Marché aux Herbes.
The names of the three sections of the new passage were adopted on 4 December 1846 in honour of the Belgian royal family: the Galerie du Roi/Koningsgalerij ("King's Gallery"), the Galerie de la Reine/Koninginnegalerij ("Queen's Gallery") and the Galerie des Princes/Prinsengalerij ("Princes' Gallery"). The ensemble, originally called the Passage Saint-Hubert/Sint-Hubertusdoorgang ("Saint-Hubert Passage"), has borne its present name since 1965.
The Royal Saint-Hubert Galleries were designed by the young Dutch architect Jean-Pierre Cluysenaar, who determined to sweep away a warren of ill-lit alleyways between the Rue du Marché aux Herbes/Grasmarkt and the Rue Montagne aux Herbes Potagères/Warmoesberg and replace a sordid space where the bourgeoisie scarcely ventured into with a covered shopping arcade more than 200 m (660 ft) in length. His idea, conceived in 1836, was finally approved on 22 February 1845 by the municipal council, chaired by the city's then-mayor, Wyns de Raucourt. On 3 April, a royal decree authorised the work to begin.
The project was supported by the public authorities through the establishment, in the summer of that year, of the Société anonyme des Galeries Saint-Hubert et de leurs embranchements, a partnership in which the banker Jean-André Demot took an interest, and whose shares were sold to private investors after being guaranteed a minimum interest rate by the authorities. This clever financial arrangement was a success, but nine years were required to disentangle all the property rights, assembled by rights of eminent domain, during a process that caused one property owner to die of a stroke, and a barber, it was said, to slit his throat as the adjacent house came down.
Construction started on 6 May 1846, lasting for thirteen months, and the 213-metre-long (699 ft) passage was inaugurated on 20 June 1847 by King Leopold I and his two sons. To emphasise the cooperation that existed between the various protagonists, Leopold was welcomed under the peristyle by the mayor and the members of the Societé. After the king had withdrawn, the crowd entered the galleries. Speeches and music enlivened the celebration.
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Royal Saint-Hubert Galleries
The Royal Saint-Hubert Galleries (French: Galeries Royales Saint-Hubert; Dutch: Koninklijke Sint-Hubertusgalerijen) is an ensemble of three glazed shopping arcades in central Brussels, Belgium. It consists of the King's Gallery (French: Galerie du Roi; Dutch: Koningsgalerij), the Queen's Gallery (French: Galerie de la Reine; Dutch: Koninginnegalerij) and the Princes' Gallery (French: Galerie des Princes; Dutch: Prinsengalerij).
The galleries were designed and built by the architect Jean-Pierre Cluysenaar between 1846 and 1847, and precede other famous 19th-century European shopping arcades, such as the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II in Milan and the Passage in Saint Petersburg. Like them, they have twin, regular façades with distant origins in Vasari's long, narrow, street-like courtyard of the Uffizi in Florence. They feature glazed, arched shopfronts separated by pilasters and two upper floors, all in an Italianate style inspired by the Cinquecento, under an arched, glass-paned roof with a delicate cast-iron framework. The complex was designated a historic monument in 1986.
The galleries are located near the Grand-Place/Grote Markt (Brussels' main square), in the block between the Rue du Marché aux Herbes/Grasmarkt and the Rue de la Montagne/Bergstraat to the south and east, the Rue d'Arenberg/Arenbergstraat and the Rue de l'Ecuyer/Schildknaapsstraat to the north, and the Rue des Dominicains/Predikherenstraat and the Rue des Bouchers/Beenhouwersstraat to the west. This site is served by Brussels-Central railway station.
The toponym comes from the old Rue Saint-Hubert/Sint-Huybrechtsstraet ("Saint-Hubert Street"), which linked the Rue du Marché aux Herbes/Grasmarkt to the Rue des Bouchers/Beenhouwersstraat. This 2-metre-wide (6.6 ft) street already existed in the 13th century, and was called Bogart or Bomgaard, meaning "Orchard Street". It was later also called Spiegelstraatken ("Mirror Lane"). The name Saint-Hubert appeared in 1685 because of a tavern bearing this saint's name, which was frequented by the stallholders from the nearby Marché aux Herbes.
The names of the three sections of the new passage were adopted on 4 December 1846 in honour of the Belgian royal family: the Galerie du Roi/Koningsgalerij ("King's Gallery"), the Galerie de la Reine/Koninginnegalerij ("Queen's Gallery") and the Galerie des Princes/Prinsengalerij ("Princes' Gallery"). The ensemble, originally called the Passage Saint-Hubert/Sint-Hubertusdoorgang ("Saint-Hubert Passage"), has borne its present name since 1965.
The Royal Saint-Hubert Galleries were designed by the young Dutch architect Jean-Pierre Cluysenaar, who determined to sweep away a warren of ill-lit alleyways between the Rue du Marché aux Herbes/Grasmarkt and the Rue Montagne aux Herbes Potagères/Warmoesberg and replace a sordid space where the bourgeoisie scarcely ventured into with a covered shopping arcade more than 200 m (660 ft) in length. His idea, conceived in 1836, was finally approved on 22 February 1845 by the municipal council, chaired by the city's then-mayor, Wyns de Raucourt. On 3 April, a royal decree authorised the work to begin.
The project was supported by the public authorities through the establishment, in the summer of that year, of the Société anonyme des Galeries Saint-Hubert et de leurs embranchements, a partnership in which the banker Jean-André Demot took an interest, and whose shares were sold to private investors after being guaranteed a minimum interest rate by the authorities. This clever financial arrangement was a success, but nine years were required to disentangle all the property rights, assembled by rights of eminent domain, during a process that caused one property owner to die of a stroke, and a barber, it was said, to slit his throat as the adjacent house came down.
Construction started on 6 May 1846, lasting for thirteen months, and the 213-metre-long (699 ft) passage was inaugurated on 20 June 1847 by King Leopold I and his two sons. To emphasise the cooperation that existed between the various protagonists, Leopold was welcomed under the peristyle by the mayor and the members of the Societé. After the king had withdrawn, the crowd entered the galleries. Speeches and music enlivened the celebration.
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