Anti-gender movement
Anti-gender movement
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Anti-gender movement

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Anti-gender movement

The anti-gender movement is a global right-wing social movement in opposition to concepts it refers to as "gender ideology" or "gender theory". These terms are loosely defined, and encompass a range of subjects related to feminism and LGBTQ rights, as well as progressivism in general. The movement has drawn support from right-wing populist groups, religious conservative organizations, social conservatives, and the far-right worldwide. It views advancement in gender equality and gender and sexual diversity as a threat to traditional family values, religious beliefs, and established social norms.

The movement has been criticized for encouraging discrimination, undermining human rights protections, and promoting misinformation and rhetoric against LGBTQ people. The notion of a pervasive and institutionalized "gender ideology" has been described as a moral panic and conspiracy theory.

The movement's beliefs derive from Catholic theology, and its origin can be dated to as early as the 1970s, though it drew greater attention and membership starting in 2012 through public protest. Operating on a transnational scale, the movement engages in political and legislative action targeting various domains, including reproductive rights, inclusive language, same-sex marriage, transgender people, the social constructionist view of gender, and academic disciplines like gender studies. While some parts of the movement focus specifically on opposing LGBTQ rights, others address broader fears about gender-related social changes.

In many non-English-speaking countries, anti-gender activists frequently avoid using local translations of the word gender, opting instead for the English term to imply that gender is an imported or foreign concept. The term gender ideology, central to the anti-gender movement, lacks a consistent or coherent definition and encompasses a wide range of issues. Scholars such as Stefanie Mayer and Birgit Sauer describe it as an "empty signifier", while Agnieszka Graff characterizes it as a catch-all term for ideas opposed by conservative Catholics.

The terms gender ideology, gender theory, and genderism are often used interchangeably by the movement but are distinct from the academic field of gender studies.[citation needed] Within gender studies, substantial debates and disagreements exist; however, these nuances are typically overlooked by anti-gender proponents. Elizabeth Corredor argues that gender ideology functions as both a political and epistemological challenge to emancipatory ideas surrounding gender, sex, and sexuality. Corredor also notes that the anti-gender movement exploits internal divisions within feminist and LGBTQ movements to further its agenda.

The movement accuses a diverse range of individuals and groups of promoting gender ideology. These include politicians, particularly those identified as liberal, green, or leftist; women's rights and LGBTQ activists; gender policy officers in public administration; and academics specializing in gender studies. By framing these actors as proponents of gender ideology, the movement consolidates opposition to gender equity and diversity initiatives.

Anti-gender activists may portray the European Union and other international organizations as manipulated by several lobbies, such as American billionaires, Cultural Marxists, Freemasons, feminists, the LGBTQ lobby, or Jews. Proponents present themselves as defenders of free speech, thought, and conscience against the "gender ideology", which they label as "totalitarian".

The ideology is allegedly pushed by a secret cabal of corrupt elites, or foreign entities such as the European Union, World Health Organization, or United Nations, for the purpose of weakening, undermining, or destroying families, the Catholic Church, the nation, and/or Western civilization. The term has been adopted by Donald Trump and was used in an executive order titled "Defending Women from Gender Ideology Extremism and Restoring Biological Truth to the Federal Government", which seeks to erase official federal recognition of transgender people and roll back their protections.

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