Gorj County (Romanian pronunciation: [ɡorʒ] ^ⓘ) is a county (județ) of Romania, in Oltenia, with its capital city at Târgu Jiu. Gorj comes from the Slavic Gornji Jiu (“upper Jiu”), in contrast with Dolnji (“lower Jiu”).

At the 2011 census, the county had a population of 334,238 and its population density was 59.66/km² (154.5/sq mi).

At the 2021 census, Gorj County had a population of 314,685.

Gorj County has a total area of 5,602 km² (2,163 sq mi).

The North side of the county consists of various mountains from the Southern Carpathians group. In the West there are the Vâlcan Mountains, and in the East there are the Parâng Mountains and the Negoveanu Mountains. The two groups are split by the Jiu River.

To the South, the heights decrease through the hills to a high plain at the Western end of the Wallachian Plain.

The main river, which collects all the smaller rivers, is the Jiu River; its tributaries include the Tismana, Gilort, and Motru rivers.

The predominant industries in the county are: