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Grand Egyptian Museum
The Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM; Egyptian Arabic: المتحف المصري الكبير el-Matḥaf el-Maṣriyy el-Kebir) is a national archaeological museum in Giza, Egypt. Dedicated to Ancient Egypt and its culture, society, and artifacts, the GEM is the largest museum in the world for a single civilization.
Located about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from the Giza Pyramid Complex, the museum houses a collection of Egyptian artifacts from various periods of Egyptian civilization, from the Predynastic Period to Roman Egypt. There are an estimated total of over 100,000 artifacts, including at least 20,000 that were displayed for the first time ever, such as the complete King Tutankhamun collection comprising 5,398 pieces, on display in a 7,500 m2 (81,000 ft2) section of the museum. Some newly-restored pieces will be displayed for the first time, such as the second solar ship of Khufu, the collection of Queen Hetepheres (mother of King Khufu), and the collection of Yuya and Thuya (parents of Queen Tiye).
The museum covers a total area of 500,000 m2 (5,400,000 ft2), with a built-up area of 167,000 m2 (1,800,000 ft2) and floor area of 81,000 m2 (870,000 ft2). It will also host permanent exhibition galleries, temporary exhibitions, special exhibitions, a children's museum, and virtual and large-format screens with a total floor area of 32,000 m2 (340,000 ft2). The GEM was first announced in 1992, actual construction began in 2005, and it was fully completed in 2023 at a cost of $1.2 billion. Trial opening began in October 2024, and the official opening took place on 1 November 2025. The museum was built by a joint venture of Egyptian Orascom Construction and the Belgian BESIX Group.
The Grand Egyptian Museum concept originated in the early 1990s with Farouk Hosni, who served as Minister of Culture from 1987 to 2011. According to Hosni, the Egyptian Museum in Tahrir had become old-fashioned and "Every time I visited the museum it gave me headaches and depression and its restoration was a disaster".
The project was officially launched by the government in 1992 under President Hosni Mubarak, who announced plans to build a new museum to house a larger collection of artifacts and to consolidate ancient treasures. In 2002, the foundation stone for the project was laid, and in 2005 the actual construction work began.
The Grand Egyptian Museum's opening has been postponed several times:
On 6 August 2025, Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly announced that President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi had agreed to set the GEM's opening date for 1 November, though it was temporarily closed from 15 October to 3 November 2025, inclusive. The museum resumed receiving visitors during official working hours on 4 November, the 103rd anniversary of the discovery of the tomb of Tutankhamun.
The GEM was fully inaugurated on 1 November 2025. The opening ceremony was attended by Egyptian President Abdel Fatah El-Sisi, the First Lady of Egypt, as well as representatives of foreign countries and prominent public figures such as King Philippe of Belgium, King Felipe VI of Spain, Prince Albert II of Monaco, Queen Rania of Jordan, Queen Mary of Denmark, former Grand-Duke Henri of Luxembourg, German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier, Portuguese president Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas, Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis, Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán and others.[citation needed]
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Grand Egyptian Museum
The Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM; Egyptian Arabic: المتحف المصري الكبير el-Matḥaf el-Maṣriyy el-Kebir) is a national archaeological museum in Giza, Egypt. Dedicated to Ancient Egypt and its culture, society, and artifacts, the GEM is the largest museum in the world for a single civilization.
Located about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from the Giza Pyramid Complex, the museum houses a collection of Egyptian artifacts from various periods of Egyptian civilization, from the Predynastic Period to Roman Egypt. There are an estimated total of over 100,000 artifacts, including at least 20,000 that were displayed for the first time ever, such as the complete King Tutankhamun collection comprising 5,398 pieces, on display in a 7,500 m2 (81,000 ft2) section of the museum. Some newly-restored pieces will be displayed for the first time, such as the second solar ship of Khufu, the collection of Queen Hetepheres (mother of King Khufu), and the collection of Yuya and Thuya (parents of Queen Tiye).
The museum covers a total area of 500,000 m2 (5,400,000 ft2), with a built-up area of 167,000 m2 (1,800,000 ft2) and floor area of 81,000 m2 (870,000 ft2). It will also host permanent exhibition galleries, temporary exhibitions, special exhibitions, a children's museum, and virtual and large-format screens with a total floor area of 32,000 m2 (340,000 ft2). The GEM was first announced in 1992, actual construction began in 2005, and it was fully completed in 2023 at a cost of $1.2 billion. Trial opening began in October 2024, and the official opening took place on 1 November 2025. The museum was built by a joint venture of Egyptian Orascom Construction and the Belgian BESIX Group.
The Grand Egyptian Museum concept originated in the early 1990s with Farouk Hosni, who served as Minister of Culture from 1987 to 2011. According to Hosni, the Egyptian Museum in Tahrir had become old-fashioned and "Every time I visited the museum it gave me headaches and depression and its restoration was a disaster".
The project was officially launched by the government in 1992 under President Hosni Mubarak, who announced plans to build a new museum to house a larger collection of artifacts and to consolidate ancient treasures. In 2002, the foundation stone for the project was laid, and in 2005 the actual construction work began.
The Grand Egyptian Museum's opening has been postponed several times:
On 6 August 2025, Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly announced that President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi had agreed to set the GEM's opening date for 1 November, though it was temporarily closed from 15 October to 3 November 2025, inclusive. The museum resumed receiving visitors during official working hours on 4 November, the 103rd anniversary of the discovery of the tomb of Tutankhamun.
The GEM was fully inaugurated on 1 November 2025. The opening ceremony was attended by Egyptian President Abdel Fatah El-Sisi, the First Lady of Egypt, as well as representatives of foreign countries and prominent public figures such as King Philippe of Belgium, King Felipe VI of Spain, Prince Albert II of Monaco, Queen Rania of Jordan, Queen Mary of Denmark, former Grand-Duke Henri of Luxembourg, German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier, Portuguese president Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas, Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis, Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán and others.[citation needed]
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