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Great Dunmow
Great Dunmow or Dunmow is a historic market town and civil parish in the Uttlesford district of Essex, England. It lies to the north of the A120 road, approximately midway between Bishop's Stortford and Braintree, 5 miles (8 km) east of London Stansted Airport. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 10,630 and the built up area had a population of 10,395.
The town is on the site of a Roman settlement on Stane Street, in the upper valley of the River Chelmer.
The name Dunmow is Old English and means "hill meadow". The name is used for the two parishes of Great Dunmow and Little Dunmow. Great Dunmow was historically also known as Chipping Dunmow, with "chipping" indicating a place with a market, whilst Little Dunmow was sometimes known as Canon Dunmow referencing its priory.
Great Dunmow is the legal name of the parish, and Great Dunmow is also used by the Office for National Statistics as the name for the built up area. In official postal addresses, the Royal Mail calls the town just "Dunmow" rather than "Great Dunmow".
A small Roman town developed at the junction between Stane Street and the Roman roads which ran north-east to south-west from Sudbury to London, and north-west to south-east from Cambridge to Chelmsford. The main settlement area spread westwards from the road junction, with cemeteries on the outskirts. There is also evidence of Roman settlement at Church End, 0.5 miles (0.8 km) north of the main settlement at the road junction; this site likely included a rural Roman Temple.
It is unclear whether the Roman settlements at Dunmow remained in continuous occupation following the end of Roman rule in Britain in the 5th century. The site at Church End had been reoccupied by 951 AD, during the Saxon era, when it first appears under the name Dunmow in the historical record. A church is known to have existed at Church End by 1045.
In Saxon times, Dunmow formed an extensive vill. In the Domesday Book in 1086 there are ten entries for estates in the vill of Dunmow, held by eight different owners. Dunmow also gave its name to the wider Dunmow hundred. Some of the estates were manors; the names of some of the medieval manors are still in use for modern farms or large houses in the parish, including Bigods, Merks Hall, Newton Hall, and Shingle Hall.
The old vill came to be administered as the two parishes of Great Dunmow and Little Dunmow. Church End appears to have been the main settlement in Great Dunmow parish in Saxon and Norman times. In 1227 Great Dunmow was granted a market charter after which the main focus for development came to be the area around the market place at the junction of the old Roman roads, between the modern High Street and White Street.
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Great Dunmow
Great Dunmow or Dunmow is a historic market town and civil parish in the Uttlesford district of Essex, England. It lies to the north of the A120 road, approximately midway between Bishop's Stortford and Braintree, 5 miles (8 km) east of London Stansted Airport. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 10,630 and the built up area had a population of 10,395.
The town is on the site of a Roman settlement on Stane Street, in the upper valley of the River Chelmer.
The name Dunmow is Old English and means "hill meadow". The name is used for the two parishes of Great Dunmow and Little Dunmow. Great Dunmow was historically also known as Chipping Dunmow, with "chipping" indicating a place with a market, whilst Little Dunmow was sometimes known as Canon Dunmow referencing its priory.
Great Dunmow is the legal name of the parish, and Great Dunmow is also used by the Office for National Statistics as the name for the built up area. In official postal addresses, the Royal Mail calls the town just "Dunmow" rather than "Great Dunmow".
A small Roman town developed at the junction between Stane Street and the Roman roads which ran north-east to south-west from Sudbury to London, and north-west to south-east from Cambridge to Chelmsford. The main settlement area spread westwards from the road junction, with cemeteries on the outskirts. There is also evidence of Roman settlement at Church End, 0.5 miles (0.8 km) north of the main settlement at the road junction; this site likely included a rural Roman Temple.
It is unclear whether the Roman settlements at Dunmow remained in continuous occupation following the end of Roman rule in Britain in the 5th century. The site at Church End had been reoccupied by 951 AD, during the Saxon era, when it first appears under the name Dunmow in the historical record. A church is known to have existed at Church End by 1045.
In Saxon times, Dunmow formed an extensive vill. In the Domesday Book in 1086 there are ten entries for estates in the vill of Dunmow, held by eight different owners. Dunmow also gave its name to the wider Dunmow hundred. Some of the estates were manors; the names of some of the medieval manors are still in use for modern farms or large houses in the parish, including Bigods, Merks Hall, Newton Hall, and Shingle Hall.
The old vill came to be administered as the two parishes of Great Dunmow and Little Dunmow. Church End appears to have been the main settlement in Great Dunmow parish in Saxon and Norman times. In 1227 Great Dunmow was granted a market charter after which the main focus for development came to be the area around the market place at the junction of the old Roman roads, between the modern High Street and White Street.