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Guarulhos
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Guarulhos
Guarulhos (Brazilian Portuguese: [ɡwaˈɾuʎus]; English: /ɡwɑːˈruːljoʊs/ gwah-ROO-lyohs) is a city and municipality located in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, São Paulo state, Brazil. It is located northeast of the state capital, São Paulo. It is the second most populous city in the state of São Paulo, the 13th most populous city in Brazil, and the most populous city in the country that is not a state capital. Its population is 1,345,364 as of 2024, slightly above that of the nearby city of Campinas, with an area of 318.68 km2.
As of 2021, It ranked 10th by GDP among Brazilian cities and second in São Paulo state. It is the tenth largest suburb in the world. The GDP per capita for the municipality was R$55.084,22 as of 2021. The São Paulo/Guarulhos International Airport (GRU), the primary airport serving São Paulo and the largest one in Brazil and South America is located there. The city is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Guarulhos.
The municipality contains part of the 7,917-hectare (19,560-acre) Cantareira State Park, created in 1962, which protects a large part of the metropolitan São Paulo water supply. It also contains part of the 292,000-hectare (720,000-acre) Mananciais do Rio Paraíba do Sul Environmental Protection Area, created in 1982 to protect the sources of the Paraíba do Sul river.
According to José de Alcântara Machado de Oliveira, the name of the city derives from the name of the indigenous people who inhabited the region, the Guaramomis or Maramomis, which means "Eaters" or "big-bellied people" in the Tupi Language. The name of the indigenous settlement founded in 1595 that gave rise to the city was 'Conceição dos Guarulhos', in reference to Our Lady of the Conception.
Guarulhos was founded on December 8, 1560, by Jesuit priest Manuel de Paiva and named Nossa Senhora da Conceição. Its origin is linked to five other small villages that were in charge of defending the boundaries of São Paulo de Piratininga Village against the Tamoios, a tribe of Indigenous people that lived in that region.
In the sixteenth century, Guarulhos was a strategic location: it bordered the future São Paulo's Capital and was surrounded by the Tietê (south), and Cabuçu de Cima (west) rivers. For similar reasons, São Miguel Village (now the São Miguel Paulista District in São Paulo) was established during the same period.
In 1880, Guarulhos separated from São Paulo and was named Nossa Senhora da Conceição dos Guarulhos. Its current name, Guarulhos, was adopted later, after the enactment of the law #1.021, on November 6, 1906.
The early 20th century was marked by the arrival of the railway and electricity (Light & Power), requests for the installation of the telephone network, licences for the establishment of industries and commercial activities, and passenger transport services.
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Guarulhos
Guarulhos (Brazilian Portuguese: [ɡwaˈɾuʎus]; English: /ɡwɑːˈruːljoʊs/ gwah-ROO-lyohs) is a city and municipality located in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, São Paulo state, Brazil. It is located northeast of the state capital, São Paulo. It is the second most populous city in the state of São Paulo, the 13th most populous city in Brazil, and the most populous city in the country that is not a state capital. Its population is 1,345,364 as of 2024, slightly above that of the nearby city of Campinas, with an area of 318.68 km2.
As of 2021, It ranked 10th by GDP among Brazilian cities and second in São Paulo state. It is the tenth largest suburb in the world. The GDP per capita for the municipality was R$55.084,22 as of 2021. The São Paulo/Guarulhos International Airport (GRU), the primary airport serving São Paulo and the largest one in Brazil and South America is located there. The city is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Guarulhos.
The municipality contains part of the 7,917-hectare (19,560-acre) Cantareira State Park, created in 1962, which protects a large part of the metropolitan São Paulo water supply. It also contains part of the 292,000-hectare (720,000-acre) Mananciais do Rio Paraíba do Sul Environmental Protection Area, created in 1982 to protect the sources of the Paraíba do Sul river.
According to José de Alcântara Machado de Oliveira, the name of the city derives from the name of the indigenous people who inhabited the region, the Guaramomis or Maramomis, which means "Eaters" or "big-bellied people" in the Tupi Language. The name of the indigenous settlement founded in 1595 that gave rise to the city was 'Conceição dos Guarulhos', in reference to Our Lady of the Conception.
Guarulhos was founded on December 8, 1560, by Jesuit priest Manuel de Paiva and named Nossa Senhora da Conceição. Its origin is linked to five other small villages that were in charge of defending the boundaries of São Paulo de Piratininga Village against the Tamoios, a tribe of Indigenous people that lived in that region.
In the sixteenth century, Guarulhos was a strategic location: it bordered the future São Paulo's Capital and was surrounded by the Tietê (south), and Cabuçu de Cima (west) rivers. For similar reasons, São Miguel Village (now the São Miguel Paulista District in São Paulo) was established during the same period.
In 1880, Guarulhos separated from São Paulo and was named Nossa Senhora da Conceição dos Guarulhos. Its current name, Guarulhos, was adopted later, after the enactment of the law #1.021, on November 6, 1906.
The early 20th century was marked by the arrival of the railway and electricity (Light & Power), requests for the installation of the telephone network, licences for the establishment of industries and commercial activities, and passenger transport services.
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