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Hanoi Metro
The Hanoi Metro (Vietnamese: Đường sắt đô thị Hà Nội, lit. 'Hanoi urban railway') is a rapid transit system in Hanoi, the capital city of Vietnam. Owned by Hanoi's People Committee and operated by Hanoi Metro Company (HMC), it is the first operational rapid transit system in Vietnam. The system includes elevated and underground sections. The first line, Line 2A, opened to service on 6 November 2021. The first section of the second line Line 3 opened on 8 August 2024.
The system will eventually consist of 8 lines with a total length of 318 kilometres (198 mi), and is initially expected to carry 200,000 passengers per day. Upon opening, daily ridership was at 12,000.
As the capital city of Vietnam, Hanoi's population is growing rapidly. As of 2010 (the year when construction started on the first line), Hanoi's population was around 6,910,000. Hoàn Kiếm District and Ba Đình District are the districts with the highest population density. The government expects the population of Hanoi to increase up to 8,000,000 by 2030. The growing population would affect the city's operation and development. To solve this issue, the Vietnamese government and the Hanoi People's Committee proposed to build an urban rail transit system, which was first proposed in the late 1990s.
In 1998, the Vietnamese government revised and agreed the “Hanoi Capital to 2020 Master Plan” which suggested that Hanoi prioritise the building of a rail transit system, with a target to build 5 lines. The "Overall Plan for the Development of Vietnam's Railway Transportation Industry to 2020", released in 2002, and the "2005-2010 Economic and Social Development Plan for 2006-2010", released in 2006, both suggested the same and aimed to finish the metro system by 2010.
The start of construction was delayed continually as the government first required consultant companies from China, France and Japan, such as SYSTRA and Japan International Cooperation Agency, to finish feasibility studies which ran from 2004 to 2007. These three companies suggested the Hanoi government build a network consisting of 6 lines. In 2008, the Vietnamese government approved the construction of the suggested lines, which they divided into several phases.
The pilot line of Hanoi Metro is Line 3. It began construction in 2009 with a projected completion date of 2015. The line was built by multiple companies, with train systems provided by Alstom. The railway line was built by South Korean firm Daelim Industrial and other contractors. The project was repeatedly delayed, with the completion date rescheduled to 2027. The elevated section of the line opened to the public on 8 August 2024, while the work on the underground section continued. Despite being the pilot line, Line 3 became the second operational Hanoi metro line, after Line 2A, due to the 9-year delay.
The second planned line, Line 2A, began construction in October 2011. The line was constructed by China Railway Engineering Corporation. The bulk of the construction was completed by the fourth quarter of 2018. Operational tests were conducted at the end of 2018 and again in 2019. After delays, Line 2A opened to the public on 6 November 2021, becoming the first operational metro line in Hanoi and Vietnam.
According to the Prime Minister's decision approving the transport development of Hanoi by 2030 and vision to 2050 (519/QD-TTg dated 31 March 2016), the Hanoi Metro system will consist of 8 lines, including elevated and underground sections. The Ministry of Transport (MoT) and the Hanoi People's Committee (HPC) will both be investors in the project. Phase 1 includes Line 2A and Line 3, Line 2A and Line 3 (elevated section) are in service, and Line 3 (underground section) is currently under construction.
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Hanoi Metro
The Hanoi Metro (Vietnamese: Đường sắt đô thị Hà Nội, lit. 'Hanoi urban railway') is a rapid transit system in Hanoi, the capital city of Vietnam. Owned by Hanoi's People Committee and operated by Hanoi Metro Company (HMC), it is the first operational rapid transit system in Vietnam. The system includes elevated and underground sections. The first line, Line 2A, opened to service on 6 November 2021. The first section of the second line Line 3 opened on 8 August 2024.
The system will eventually consist of 8 lines with a total length of 318 kilometres (198 mi), and is initially expected to carry 200,000 passengers per day. Upon opening, daily ridership was at 12,000.
As the capital city of Vietnam, Hanoi's population is growing rapidly. As of 2010 (the year when construction started on the first line), Hanoi's population was around 6,910,000. Hoàn Kiếm District and Ba Đình District are the districts with the highest population density. The government expects the population of Hanoi to increase up to 8,000,000 by 2030. The growing population would affect the city's operation and development. To solve this issue, the Vietnamese government and the Hanoi People's Committee proposed to build an urban rail transit system, which was first proposed in the late 1990s.
In 1998, the Vietnamese government revised and agreed the “Hanoi Capital to 2020 Master Plan” which suggested that Hanoi prioritise the building of a rail transit system, with a target to build 5 lines. The "Overall Plan for the Development of Vietnam's Railway Transportation Industry to 2020", released in 2002, and the "2005-2010 Economic and Social Development Plan for 2006-2010", released in 2006, both suggested the same and aimed to finish the metro system by 2010.
The start of construction was delayed continually as the government first required consultant companies from China, France and Japan, such as SYSTRA and Japan International Cooperation Agency, to finish feasibility studies which ran from 2004 to 2007. These three companies suggested the Hanoi government build a network consisting of 6 lines. In 2008, the Vietnamese government approved the construction of the suggested lines, which they divided into several phases.
The pilot line of Hanoi Metro is Line 3. It began construction in 2009 with a projected completion date of 2015. The line was built by multiple companies, with train systems provided by Alstom. The railway line was built by South Korean firm Daelim Industrial and other contractors. The project was repeatedly delayed, with the completion date rescheduled to 2027. The elevated section of the line opened to the public on 8 August 2024, while the work on the underground section continued. Despite being the pilot line, Line 3 became the second operational Hanoi metro line, after Line 2A, due to the 9-year delay.
The second planned line, Line 2A, began construction in October 2011. The line was constructed by China Railway Engineering Corporation. The bulk of the construction was completed by the fourth quarter of 2018. Operational tests were conducted at the end of 2018 and again in 2019. After delays, Line 2A opened to the public on 6 November 2021, becoming the first operational metro line in Hanoi and Vietnam.
According to the Prime Minister's decision approving the transport development of Hanoi by 2030 and vision to 2050 (519/QD-TTg dated 31 March 2016), the Hanoi Metro system will consist of 8 lines, including elevated and underground sections. The Ministry of Transport (MoT) and the Hanoi People's Committee (HPC) will both be investors in the project. Phase 1 includes Line 2A and Line 3, Line 2A and Line 3 (elevated section) are in service, and Line 3 (underground section) is currently under construction.