HMP Bristol (previously known as Horfield Prison) is a Category B men's local prison, located in the Horfield area of Bristol. The prison is operated by His Majesty's Prison Service.

Horfield Prison was built in 1883 to replace the New Gaol (built 1820). The Corporation had previously bought a pleasure garden in Horfield, and the field behind it with the intention of building a new prison there. When it was discovered that the Central Government intended to take over the building and maintaining of prisons, the city council left it to the State. The new prison was opened in February 1883.

At its foundation the prison had 160 cells, typically housing about 179 prisoners.

Horfield Prison's history includes fourteen executions. The first of these took place on 11 March 1889: a man called Withy, hanged for murder. The last execution took place on 17 December 1963 when Russell Pascoe was hanged for the murder of William Rowe during a robbery. His accomplice Dennis Whitty met the same fate at HMP Winchester on the same morning.

In 1953 the first Pre-release Hostel in the country was opened in the prison grounds. The initiative was widely publicised and documented photographically.

In 1967 the prison was expanded with the opening of 'B' wing, increasing cell accommodation to 320. A further wing was later added, with additional construction in the 1990s.

There were riots at HMP Bristol in 1986 and 1991. Major internal damage was caused to prison wings on both occasions.

The prison aroused controversy in 1996 when it was revealed that prisoners were sometimes transported to and from Bristol by a stretched limousine. Officials claimed the limo was only used when commercial taxis were not big enough to handle multiple prisoner transfers with prison officers as security. Soon after Bristol was upgraded to a Category A prison (part of the high security estate) holding the most dangerous prisoners.