IRS tax forms
IRS tax forms
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IRS tax forms

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IRS tax forms

The United States Internal Revenue Service (IRS) uses various forms to collect financial information from taxpayers and tax-exempt organizations. These forms are used to report income, calculate federal taxes owed, and disclose other required information in accordance with the Internal Revenue Code (IRC). The IRS provides more than 800 different forms and schedules for various tax-related purposes. In addition to federal forms, other tax forms are filed separately with state and local tax authorities.

The IRS numbered the forms sequentially as they were introduced.

As of the 2018 tax year, Form 1040, U.S. Individual Income Tax Return, is the only form used for personal (individual) federal income tax returns filed with the IRS. In prior years, it had been one of three forms (1040 [the "Long Form"], 1040A [the "Short Form"] and 1040EZ – see below for explanations of each) used for such returns. The first Form 1040 was published for use for the tax years 1913, 1914, and 1915. For 1916, Form 1040 was converted to an annual form (i.e., updated each year with the new tax year printed on the form). Initially, the IRS mailed tax booklets (Form 1040, instructions, and most common attachments) to all households. As alternative delivery methods (CPA/Attorneys, internet forms) increased in popularity, the IRS sent fewer packets via mail. In 2009 this practice was discontinued.

Income tax returns for individual calendar year taxpayers are due by April 15 of the next year, except when April 15 falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or a legal holiday. In those circumstances, the returns are due on the next business day. An automatic extension until Oct 15 to file Form 1040 can be obtained by filing Form 4868.

Form 1040 is two abbreviated pages, not including attachments. Prior to the 2018 tax year, it had been two full pages, again not counting attachments, but following the passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, the IRS dramatically shortened both pages. The current first page collects information about the taxpayer(s) and any dependents and includes the signature line. The current second page includes information on income items and adjustments to income, and additionally calculates the allowable deductions and credits, tax due given the income figure, and applies funds already withheld from wages or estimated payments made towards the tax liability. Prior to 2018, information on income items and adjustments to income had been entered on the first page. The presidential election campaign fund checkoff, which allows taxpayers to designate that the federal government gives $3 of the tax it receives to the presidential election campaign fund, is near the top of the first page on both pre-and post-2018 versions of Form 1040.[citation needed]

Form 1040 has 20 attachments (up from 14 before 2018), called "schedules", which may need to be filed depending on the taxpayer:

In 2014 there were two additions to Form 1040 due to the implementation of the Affordable Care Act – the premium tax credit and the individual mandate.

Since 2019, only numbered schedules 1, 2, and 3 are still used to report figures for the 1040.

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