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Ibrahim Qashoush
Ibrahim Qashoush (Arabic: إبراهيم قاشوش; born 3 September 1977 – 3 July or 4 July 2011) was a Syrian protest singer active during the early stage of the Syrian revolution. Posthumously, international media ascribed him the role of a leading author and singer of protest songs in his home city.
He became a symbolic figure of the Syrian civil war as a civilian murdered as revenge for his musical performances. Later media reports, however, call this account into question—as the singer was later revealed to be Abdel Rahman Farhood.
There are hardly any confirmed facts about Qashoush's life. Even in Hama, his name was largely unknown throughout his life. American journalist Anthony Shadid, who interviewed Hama residents about Qashoush in July 2011, reported the existence of numerous rumors in The New York Times (NYT).
In various—contradictory—media reports Qashoush was described as a firefighter, a security guard, a construction worker, and a popular singer.
Qashoush was kidnapped on his way to work on July 3, 2011, and was found dead in the Orontes River the following day. His throat had been cut and his vocal cords had been removed. A few days after his death, pictures began to circulate along the message that Qashoush was the alleged author and singer of the popular protest song "Yalla Erhal Ya Bashar" (Arabic: يلا إرحال يا بشار, lit. 'Leave, O Bashar'), which is directed towards then-President Bashar al-Assad and the ruling Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party.
Since June, the song had been sung at mass demonstrations in the center of Hama, and quickly spread as a revolutionary hymn for the entire Syrian protest movement. The protest on July 1 was—at that point—the largest anti-Assad demonstration in the country.
After news of his murder spread and due to reports from other demonstrators, Qashoush began to be celebrated as the "nightingale of the revolution", a martyr, and a symbolic figure of the revolution both within Syria and internationally. All over the world, writers guilds, among other organizations, demonstrated against the murder of the protest singer by making public statements. The case became so prominent that, in a rare, exclusive interview—in December 2011—American television journalist Barbara Walters addressed Qashoush directly with President Assad. Assad responded that he had never heard of Qashoush. Even the annual report of the U.S. Department of State (DOS) on the state of human rights in Syria, published in the spring of 2012, mentioned Qashoush as a singer who was tortured and murdered by a police officer as revenge for his protest songs. As such, Qashoush also began to be discussed in academic literature.
In February 2012, Malek Jandali, a pianist of Syrian origin, released a musical work based on the melody of Yalla Erhal Ya Bashar and named it "Freedom (Qashoush Symphony)".
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Ibrahim Qashoush
Ibrahim Qashoush (Arabic: إبراهيم قاشوش; born 3 September 1977 – 3 July or 4 July 2011) was a Syrian protest singer active during the early stage of the Syrian revolution. Posthumously, international media ascribed him the role of a leading author and singer of protest songs in his home city.
He became a symbolic figure of the Syrian civil war as a civilian murdered as revenge for his musical performances. Later media reports, however, call this account into question—as the singer was later revealed to be Abdel Rahman Farhood.
There are hardly any confirmed facts about Qashoush's life. Even in Hama, his name was largely unknown throughout his life. American journalist Anthony Shadid, who interviewed Hama residents about Qashoush in July 2011, reported the existence of numerous rumors in The New York Times (NYT).
In various—contradictory—media reports Qashoush was described as a firefighter, a security guard, a construction worker, and a popular singer.
Qashoush was kidnapped on his way to work on July 3, 2011, and was found dead in the Orontes River the following day. His throat had been cut and his vocal cords had been removed. A few days after his death, pictures began to circulate along the message that Qashoush was the alleged author and singer of the popular protest song "Yalla Erhal Ya Bashar" (Arabic: يلا إرحال يا بشار, lit. 'Leave, O Bashar'), which is directed towards then-President Bashar al-Assad and the ruling Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party.
Since June, the song had been sung at mass demonstrations in the center of Hama, and quickly spread as a revolutionary hymn for the entire Syrian protest movement. The protest on July 1 was—at that point—the largest anti-Assad demonstration in the country.
After news of his murder spread and due to reports from other demonstrators, Qashoush began to be celebrated as the "nightingale of the revolution", a martyr, and a symbolic figure of the revolution both within Syria and internationally. All over the world, writers guilds, among other organizations, demonstrated against the murder of the protest singer by making public statements. The case became so prominent that, in a rare, exclusive interview—in December 2011—American television journalist Barbara Walters addressed Qashoush directly with President Assad. Assad responded that he had never heard of Qashoush. Even the annual report of the U.S. Department of State (DOS) on the state of human rights in Syria, published in the spring of 2012, mentioned Qashoush as a singer who was tortured and murdered by a police officer as revenge for his protest songs. As such, Qashoush also began to be discussed in academic literature.
In February 2012, Malek Jandali, a pianist of Syrian origin, released a musical work based on the melody of Yalla Erhal Ya Bashar and named it "Freedom (Qashoush Symphony)".