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Institute of Computing Technology
The Institute of Computing Technology (ICT; 中国科学院计算技术研究所) is a research institute under the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The institute was established in 1956 as China's first specialized institution engaged in computer research. It has developed the first and many other general-purpose digital computers in China, and spin-offed the Institute of Software, Lenovo, Dawning, Loongson, etc.
When the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was founded in Beijing in 1956, it rented Building 3 of Xiyuan Hotel as a temporary residence for offices and laboratories. It moved to Zhongguancun in February 1958. In the same year, the first general-purpose digital electronic computer of China, the 103, was successfully developed at the institute.
Shortly after the founding of the Institute, in 1960, the Sino-Soviet split forced Chinese computing to continue developing in isolation: the USSR recalled its technical advisers from the country.
In 1964, ICT successfully produced China's first self-developed large digital computer, the 119. The 119 was a core technology in facilitating China's first successful nuclear weapon test (Project 596), also in 1964.
By 1972, the Institute, which now comprised 1,000 employees and ten laboratories, had produced the 48-bit Model 111, the first computer built entirely with Chinese-produced integrated circuitry. Speed could reach 180 kiloflops. A visiting delegation of American computer scientists noted with astonishment that the country had succeeded in producing a third-generation computer with virtually no external assistance. In 1976, Model 013 debuted, with 48-bit architecture and 768K core memory. The 013 ran a FORTRAN compiler, a full OS, and "a BCY compiler for a Chinese designated programming language."
The institute is the birthplace of China's first general-purpose CPU chip as well. It is also the R&D base of China's high-performance computers.
In addition, the Institute has successively spin-offed several research institutes and high-tech enterprises, including the Institute of Software, Lenovo, Dawning, Loongson and Cambricon.
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Institute of Computing Technology
The Institute of Computing Technology (ICT; 中国科学院计算技术研究所) is a research institute under the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The institute was established in 1956 as China's first specialized institution engaged in computer research. It has developed the first and many other general-purpose digital computers in China, and spin-offed the Institute of Software, Lenovo, Dawning, Loongson, etc.
When the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was founded in Beijing in 1956, it rented Building 3 of Xiyuan Hotel as a temporary residence for offices and laboratories. It moved to Zhongguancun in February 1958. In the same year, the first general-purpose digital electronic computer of China, the 103, was successfully developed at the institute.
Shortly after the founding of the Institute, in 1960, the Sino-Soviet split forced Chinese computing to continue developing in isolation: the USSR recalled its technical advisers from the country.
In 1964, ICT successfully produced China's first self-developed large digital computer, the 119. The 119 was a core technology in facilitating China's first successful nuclear weapon test (Project 596), also in 1964.
By 1972, the Institute, which now comprised 1,000 employees and ten laboratories, had produced the 48-bit Model 111, the first computer built entirely with Chinese-produced integrated circuitry. Speed could reach 180 kiloflops. A visiting delegation of American computer scientists noted with astonishment that the country had succeeded in producing a third-generation computer with virtually no external assistance. In 1976, Model 013 debuted, with 48-bit architecture and 768K core memory. The 013 ran a FORTRAN compiler, a full OS, and "a BCY compiler for a Chinese designated programming language."
The institute is the birthplace of China's first general-purpose CPU chip as well. It is also the R&D base of China's high-performance computers.
In addition, the Institute has successively spin-offed several research institutes and high-tech enterprises, including the Institute of Software, Lenovo, Dawning, Loongson and Cambricon.
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