Insurance fraud
Insurance fraud
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Insurance fraud

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Insurance fraud

Insurance fraud is any intentional act committed to deceive or mislead an insurance company during the application or claims process, or the wrongful denial of a legitimate claim by an insurance company. It occurs when a claimant knowingly attempts to obtain a benefit or advantage they are not entitled to receive, or when an insurer knowingly denies a benefit or advantage that is due to the insured. According to the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation, the most common schemes include premium diversion, fee churning, asset diversion, and workers compensation fraud. False insurance claims are insurance claims filed with the fraudulent intention towards an insurance provider.

Fraudulent claims account for a significant portion of all claims received by insurers, and cost billions of dollars annually. Insurance fraud poses a significant problem, and governments and other organizations try to deter such activity.

Studies suggest that the greatest total dollar amount of fraud is committed by the health insurance companies themselves, intentionally not paying claims and deleting them from their systems, and denying and cancelling coverage.

Insurance fraud has existed since the beginning of insurance as a commercial enterprise.

Long before the rise of the modern insurance industry, an epigram by the Roman poet Martial, set in the Roman Empire during the first century AD, illustrates how crimes such as arson might be motivated by profit:

The "chief motive in all insurance crimes is financial profit". Insurance contracts provide both the insured and the insurer with opportunities for exploitation.

According to the American Coalition Against Insurance Fraud, the causes vary, but are usually centered on greed, and on holes in the protections against fraud. Those who commit insurance fraud may view it as a low-risk, lucrative enterprise as compared to other forms of criminal activity.

As insurance fraud may not be detected, it is difficult to accurately estimate its total cost to society. Among organizations that have estimated its cost, the Coalition Against Insurance Fraud estimates that in 2006 a total of about $80 billion was lost in the United States due to insurance fraud. The Insurance Information Institute, insurance fraud accounts for about 10 percent of the property/casualty insurance industry's incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses. The National Health Care Anti-Fraud Association estimates that 3% of the health care industry's expenditures in the United States are due to fraudulent activities, amounting to a cost of about $51 billion. According to the FBI, non-health insurance fraud costs an estimated $40 billion per year, which increases the premiums for the average U.S. family between $400 and $700 annually.

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