Christianity is the largest religion in Benin, with substantial populations of Muslims and adherents of traditional faiths such as Vodún.

According to the most recent 2020 estimate, the population of Benin is 52.2% Christian, 24.6% Muslim, 17.9% traditionalist and 5.3% follows other faiths or has no religion.

There are Christians, Muslims, and adherents of African traditional religions throughout the country. However, most adherents of the traditional Yoruba religious group are in the south, while other African Traditional Religion beliefs are followed in the north. Muslims are represented most heavily in the north, while Catholics are prevalent in the south, particularly in Cotonou, the economic capital. It is not unusual for members of the same family to practise Christianity, Islam, African Traditional Religion, or a combination of all of these.

Among the most practiced African traditional religions in Benin is the Vodun system of belief which originated in this area of Africa.

Other African traditional religions are practiced in the Atakora (Atakora and Donga provinces) and Vodun and Orisha (or Orisa) veneration among the Yoruba and Tado peoples is prevalent in the centre and south of the country. The town of Ouidah on the central coast is the spiritual centre of Beninese Vodun.

The Tado and the Yoruba Orisha pantheons correspond closely:

Catholicism first reached Benin in 1680, gaining more permanent footing in the 19th century. English Methodists arrived in 1843, operating amongst the coastal Gun people. French missionaries spread Catholicism in the region.

More than half of all Christians in Benin are Roman Catholic. The Catholic hierarchy in Benin consists of the Archdiocese of Cotonou (including the Dioceses of Abomey, Dassa-Zoumé, Lokossa, Porto Novo) and the Parakou (including the Dioceses of Djougou, Kandi, Natitingou, and N'Dali). In 2020, there were 1349 priests and 1482 women in religious orders.