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Jarocho
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Jarocho
Jarocho was, historically, the horseman of the Veracruz countryside, who worked on the haciendas of the state, specifically those dedicated to the job of vaquero (cowherd) and everything related to cattle ranching. Jarocho was for Veracruz and its “Tierra-Caliente” (Hot Lands, coastal areas) what Ranchero or Charro was for the Mexican Highlands and interior of the country. Synonymous with vaquero, horseman and country man.
There are also several instances where the term appears without the explicit relationship with Veracruz or its inhabitants, appearing as a generic demonym for all rural inhabitants regardless of origin, a fact that would make it synonymous with Ranchero or Charro. The term was also used synonymously with mulatto and black people.
Nowadays the term has lost its original meaning as it is no longer related to cowboys, horsemen, ranching or country people. Currently “Jarocho” is used as a colloquial demonym for all inhabitants of the state of Veracruz regardless of their occupation, as well as an appellative term for anything related to said state.
Most scholars agree that the term Jarocho comes from the Arabic term jara meaning spear or arrow, referring to the spear or lance used by the vaqueros of Veracruz for herding cattle.
The French colonist and writer, Lucien Biart, who lived in Mexico (1846 to 1867), wrote in 1862 that it was the people of the Mexican Highlands (the Temperate-Land) who called the vaqueros and cattle ranchers of Veracruz “Jarochos” for using spears or lances, called “jarochas” by them, for herding cattle:
Nous rassemblons plus d'un millier de têtes, puis nous cherchons à franchir la savane avec cet immense troupeau pour gagner les premières pentes des montagnes. […] Les conducteurs, dans ces expéditions, sont armés de longues lances nommées jarochas; de là le nom familier de Jarochos qu'on leur donne dans les hautes terres, et que la plupart de mes compatriotes ignorent.
We gathered more than a thousand head of cattle, then we try to cross the plains with this immense herd to reach the first slopes of the mountains. […] The leaders, in these expeditions, are armed with long spears called jarochas; hence the familiar name of Jarochos which is given to them in the highlands, and which most of my compatriots are unaware of.
— La Terre Chaude: Scenes de moers mexicaines (1862)
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Jarocho
Jarocho was, historically, the horseman of the Veracruz countryside, who worked on the haciendas of the state, specifically those dedicated to the job of vaquero (cowherd) and everything related to cattle ranching. Jarocho was for Veracruz and its “Tierra-Caliente” (Hot Lands, coastal areas) what Ranchero or Charro was for the Mexican Highlands and interior of the country. Synonymous with vaquero, horseman and country man.
There are also several instances where the term appears without the explicit relationship with Veracruz or its inhabitants, appearing as a generic demonym for all rural inhabitants regardless of origin, a fact that would make it synonymous with Ranchero or Charro. The term was also used synonymously with mulatto and black people.
Nowadays the term has lost its original meaning as it is no longer related to cowboys, horsemen, ranching or country people. Currently “Jarocho” is used as a colloquial demonym for all inhabitants of the state of Veracruz regardless of their occupation, as well as an appellative term for anything related to said state.
Most scholars agree that the term Jarocho comes from the Arabic term jara meaning spear or arrow, referring to the spear or lance used by the vaqueros of Veracruz for herding cattle.
The French colonist and writer, Lucien Biart, who lived in Mexico (1846 to 1867), wrote in 1862 that it was the people of the Mexican Highlands (the Temperate-Land) who called the vaqueros and cattle ranchers of Veracruz “Jarochos” for using spears or lances, called “jarochas” by them, for herding cattle:
Nous rassemblons plus d'un millier de têtes, puis nous cherchons à franchir la savane avec cet immense troupeau pour gagner les premières pentes des montagnes. […] Les conducteurs, dans ces expéditions, sont armés de longues lances nommées jarochas; de là le nom familier de Jarochos qu'on leur donne dans les hautes terres, et que la plupart de mes compatriotes ignorent.
We gathered more than a thousand head of cattle, then we try to cross the plains with this immense herd to reach the first slopes of the mountains. […] The leaders, in these expeditions, are armed with long spears called jarochas; hence the familiar name of Jarochos which is given to them in the highlands, and which most of my compatriots are unaware of.
— La Terre Chaude: Scenes de moers mexicaines (1862)
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