Sir John Yeamans, 1st Baronet (bapt. 28 February 1611 – 1674) was an English colonial administrator and planter who served as Governor of Carolina from 1672 to 1674. Contemporary descriptions of Yeamans described him as "a pirate ashore."

Baptised on 28 February 1611 in Redcliffe, Bristol, England, Sir John Yeamans was a younger son of John Yeamans, a brewer, and his wife Blanche Germain. The younger Yeamans was a colonel in the Royalist army during the English Civil War.

In about 1650 Yeamans migrated to Barbados, and within a decade he had become a major landholder there (he had held land in Barbados since 1638) a colonel of the colonial militia, judge of a local court of common pleas, and by July 1660 he was serving on the Barbadian council.

In the deteriorating economic conditions of the 1660s and 1670s many Barbadian planters sought better opportunities. In 1663 a number of planters in Barbados made arrangements with the proprietors of Carolina for establishing a colony at Cape Fear called Charles Towne. The Lords Proprietors, by the exercise of their influence at the English court, secured a baronetcy for Yeamans, which was conferred on him 12 January 1665, and on 11 January 1665 they appointed him governor of the new colony, with a jurisdiction extending from Cape Fear to San Mateo.

The region was named Clarendon County. Yeamans was also instructed to explore the coast south of Cape Fear. He sailed with three vessels from Barbados in January 1665, and reached Cape Fear, but sustained heavy loss on the way from rough weather. Accordingly, he soon returned to Barbados, leaving the management of the new settlement to a deputy, Captain Robert Sandford (whose lieutenant was Joseph Woory, Yeamans's nephew). However the colonists abandoned Clarendon by the autumn of 1667.

In 1669 another attempt at colonisation was made. Three ships of settlers were sent to Port Royal Island from the British Isles calling first at Barbados. Instructed by the proprietors to name a governor Yeamans named himself and joined the expedition until it reached Bermuda. In Bermuda he appointed the elderly William Sayle in his place and abruptly returned to Barbados. The expedition continued and successfully founded South Carolina's first permanent English settlement in April 1670.

Sayle died in March 1671. Before his death he nominated as his successor the deputy governor, Joseph West, and this appointment was approved by the colonists. Yeamans arrived in the new colony in 1671 and was disappointed not to be made governor immediately, and used his position as speaker of the colonies first parliament to harass West. He also started to build a plantation into which he brought 200 African slaves.

On 21 August 1671 the proprietors, to the great dissatisfaction of the colonists, appointed Yeamans to the governorship. He was proclaimed Governor of the English Province of Carolina at Charles Town on 19 April 1672. Early in his governorship at the bequest of the proprietors he initiated a land survey for what would become Charles Town and expanded his plantation.