The Journal of Computational Biology is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering computational biology and bioinformatics. It was established in 1994 and is published by Mary Ann Liebert, a subsidiary of Sage Publishing. The founding editors-in-chief were Sorin Istrail (Brown University) and Michael S. Waterman (University of Southern California), who served until 2020 when they were succeeded by Mona Singh (Princeton University). The journal publishes occasional special issues, often based on the proceedings of scientific meetings.

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2024 impact factor of 1.6.