Junan County (simplified Chinese: 莒南县; traditional Chinese: 莒南縣; pinyin: Jǔnán Xiàn) is a county of southern Shandong province, People's Republic of China, bordering Jiangsu province to the south. It is under the administration of Linyi City. Junan County has a total area of 1752 square kilometers.

The population was 986,661 in 1999. The resident population of Junan County is 841,000.

Junan County is an important part of the Yimeng revolutionary base area, one of the four first-class revolutionary old areas in the province, hailed as the "Red Capital of Qilu" and the "Little Yan'an of Shandong Province".

During the Western Zhou period, the area of Junan belonged to the State of Xiang.

During the Eastern Zhou period, the State of Xiang was annexed by the State of Junan, and the southern part of the region came under Junan control.

During the Sui dynasty, the region belonged to Junan County of Yizhou (Langya Commandery).

In the Tang dynasty, it was administered under Junan County of Mizhou in the Henan Circuit.

During the Northern Song dynasty, it remained under Junan County of Mizhou, which was part of the Eastern Jingdong Circuit.